本文参考官方文档：http://matplotlib.org/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/tutorial.html

起步

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新建一个matplotlib.figure.Figure对象，然后向其添加一个Axes3D类型的axes对象。

其中Axes3D对象的创建，类似其他axes对象，只不过使用projection='3d'关键词。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

^3D曲线图

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import matplotlib as mpl

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

mpl.rcParams['legend.fontsize'] = 10

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')

theta = np.linspace(-4 * np.pi, 4 * np.pi, 100)

z = np.linspace(-2, 2, 100)

r = z**2 + 1

x = r * np.sin(theta)

y = r * np.cos(theta)

ax.plot(x, y, z, label='parametric curve')

ax.legend()

ax.set_xlabel('X Label')

ax.set_ylabel('Y Label')

ax.set_zlabel('Z Label')

plt.show()

简化用法:

from pylab import *

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

plt.gca(projection='3d')

plt.plot([1,2,3],[3,4,1],[8,4,1],'--')

plt.xlabel('X')

plt.ylabel('Y')

#plt.zlabel('Z') #无法使用

^3D散点图

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import numpy as np

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def randrange(n, vmin, vmax):

    return (vmax-vmin)*np.random.rand(n) + vmin

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

n = 100

for c, m, zl, zh in [('r', 'o', -50, -25), ('b', '^', -30, -5)]:

    xs = randrange(n, 23, 32)

    ys = randrange(n, 0, 100)

    zs = randrange(n, zl, zh)

    ax.scatter(xs, ys, zs, c=c, marker=m)

ax.set_xlabel('X Label')

ax.set_ylabel('Y Label')

ax.set_zlabel('Z Label')

plt.show()