分区并不影响Linq,sql查询
在MSSQL中，选中目标表，右键-存储-创建分区
根据提示完成分区，存储成sql
这里展示如何根据Id的数据范围分区
在执行前，可能需要设置日志文件大小为“无限制”，否则执行过程中可能出现事务日志已满，原因为“LOG_BACKUP”的报错

--其实就是写个生成字符串列表（数据范围）的函数
--这里将数据以500000为一组分区，一直分到50000000条，50000000之后的数据则在一个区内   
DECLARE @fenqu nvarchar(max) = 
N'CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION [fenqu](bigint) AS RANGE RIGHT FOR VALUES (';  
DECLARE @i int=0;  
WHILE @i < 50000000  
BEGIN  
SET @fenqu += '''' + convert(varchar,@i) + '''' + N', ';  
SET @i = @i+500000;  
END  
SET @fenqu += '''' + convert(varchar,@i)+ '''' + N'); ';  
EXEC sp_executesql @fenqu;  

--数量和上面分区的数量对应
CREATE PARTITION SCHEME [fenqufangan] AS PARTITION [fenqu] TO (
[PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], 
[PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY],
[PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY],
[PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY],
[PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY],
[PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY],
[PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY],
[PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY],
[PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY],
[PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY], [PRIMARY],
[PRIMARY],[PRIMARY])

分区完成后，日志文件、数据文件可能会很大，可以收缩一下

资料

CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION (Transact-SQL)
官方资料展示了根据数量、根据时间段分区的示例