最近在优化手里面项目,发现项目首页加载实在很慢,第一次加载白屏显示时间很长,用户体验极差,所以自己鼓捣加个骨架屏和加载滚动进度条试试。
使用vue-skeleton-webpack-plugin、nprogress搭建骨架屏
首先安装插件
npm install --save nprogress
npm i vue-skeleton-webpack-plugin
对于nprogress其他使用属性,可以在链接查看;在项目中使用方法,在route里面加入钩子函数或者在main.js也可以,这样在页面加载刷新时可以起到用户视觉上的友好展示:
import NProgress from 'nprogress'
import 'nprogress/nprogress.css'
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
NProgress.start()
next()
})
router.afterEach(() => {
NProgress.done()
})
在使用vue-skeleton-webpack-plugin插件的时候,我的项目是vue-cli2,所以和vue-cli3目录结构不太相同,但是大致都是一样套路的;
首页在build里面创建一个webpack.skeleton.conf.js文件,主要配置的是vue-skeleton-webpack-plugin里面的内容
'use strict';
const path = require('path')
const merge = require('webpack-merge')
const baseWebpackConfig = require('./webpack.base.conf')
const nodeExternals = require('webpack-node-externals')
const utils = require('./utils')
const config = require('../config')
const isProduction = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production'
var ExtractTextPlugin = require("extract-text-webpack-plugin")
const sourceMapEnabled = isProduction
? config.build.productionSourceMap
: config.dev.cssSourceMap
function resolve(dir) {
return path.join(__dirname, dir)
}
let skeletonWebpackConfig = merge(baseWebpackConfig, {
target: 'node',
devtool: false,
entry: {
app: resolve('../src/entry-skeleton.js')
},
output: Object.assign({}, baseWebpackConfig.output, {
libraryTarget: 'commonjs2'
}),
externals: nodeExternals({
whitelist: /\.css$/
}),
plugins: [
new ExtractTextPlugin("App.css")
]
})
// important: enable extract-text-webpack-plugin
/* skeletonWebpackConfig.module.rules[0].options.loaders = utils.cssLoaders({
sourceMap: sourceMapEnabled,
extract: true
}), */
module.exports = skeletonWebpackConfig
然后在webpack.dev.conf.js和webpack.prod.conf.js引入上面的配置vue-skeleton-webpack-plugin
plugins:[
new SkeletonWebpackPlugin({
webpackConfig: require('./webpack.skeleton.conf'),
quiet: true,
minimize: true,
//如果不设置router则所有页面共享一个骨架屏
router: {
mode: 'history',
routes: [] //给对应的路由设置对应的骨架屏组件,skeletonId的值根据组件设置的id
}
})
]
在src文件夹下面新建一个entry-skeleton.js和skeleton.vue
import Vue from 'vue'
// 创建的骨架屏 Vue 实例
import skeleton from './skeleton';
export default new Vue({
components: {
skeleton
},
template: '<skeleton />'
});
<template>
<div>
<div class="skeleton">
<div class="skeleton-head"></div>
<div class="skeleton-body">
<div class="skeleton-name"></div>
<div class="skeleton-title"></div>
<div class="skeleton-content"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="skeleton">
<div class="skeleton-head"></div>
<div class="skeleton-body">
<div class="skeleton-name"></div>
<div class="skeleton-title"></div>
<div class="skeleton-content"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="skeleton">
<div class="skeleton-head"></div>
<div class="skeleton-body">
<div class="skeleton-name"></div>
<div class="skeleton-title"></div>
<div class="skeleton-content"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'skeleton'
};
</script>
<style scoped>
.skeleton {
padding: 15px;
}
.skeleton .skeleton-head,
.skeleton .skeleton-name,
.skeleton .skeleton-title,
.skeleton .skeleton-content,
.skeleton .skeleton-content {
background: rgb(194, 207, 214);
}
.skeleton-head {
width: 33px;
height: 33px;
border-radius: 50%;
float: left;
}
.skeleton-body {
margin-left: 50px;
}
.skeleton-name{
width: 150px;
height: 30px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.skeleton-title {
width: 100%;
height: 30px;
}
.skeleton-content {
width: 100%;
height: 30px;
margin-top: 10px;
}
</style>
然而这样运行还是不可以的,导致skeleton.vue里面的样式无法生效,所以还得配置一下extract-text-webpack-plugin进行样式分离;
因为我的页面一直报错,我使用的是webpack3:
所以重新安装了一下extract-text-webpack-plugin,
# for webpack 3
npm install --save-dev extract-text-webpack-plugin
# for webpack 2
npm install --save-dev extract-text-webpack-plugin@2.1.2
# for webpack 1
npm install --save-dev extract-text-webpack-plugin@1.0.1
然后在webpack.base.conf.js进行页面样式分离设置:
const ExtractTextPlugin = require("extract-text-webpack-plugin")
module: {
rules: [
{
test: /\.vue$/,
loader: 'vue-loader',
//options: vueLoaderConfig
options: {
loaders: {
scss: ExtractTextPlugin.extract({ fallback: 'vue-style-loader', use: 'css-loader!sass-loader' }),
css: ExtractTextPlugin.extract({ fallback: 'vue-style-loader', use: 'css-loader' }),
}
}
}
]
},
plugins: [
new ExtractTextPlugin({
filename: 'css/[name].[contenthash].css',
allChunks: true
})
],
然后成功:
- vue@2.6.10
- vue-server-renderer@2.6.12
This may cause things to work incorrectly. Make sure to use the same version for both.
总结:在做项目适配的时候遇到好多问题,例如vue版本与vue-template-compiler、vue-server-renderer的版本不一致等报错,最后重新安装三个一样的版本,最后成功。个人觉得这个插件很好用,省去自己写ssr配置的繁琐,但是骨架屏样式得自己手写,我查阅网上说可以使用ui图作为骨架屏,那会省略一点样式分离代码。饿了么自动生成骨架屏的插件page-skeleton-webpack-plugin我还没有尝试,等尝试一下再出一个文档记录一下https://github.com/ElemeFE/page-skeleton-webpack-plugin。