Linux-VMware Workstation&CentOS-5.5-i386-bin-DVD安装

2022-11-29 07:47:36

【2018年6月24日 22:55:47】
VM7+CentOS5.5使用NAT方式连接互联网
1、在VMWare的菜单：“VM→Setting...”

2、在VMWare的菜单：“Edit→Virtual Network Edit...”，在弹出的对话框中单击“Restore default”。并且将“Subnet IP”设置成为："192.168.126.0"（这个IP可以自定义），

再单击“NAt Settings...”

在CentOS：
查看IP地址：

 # ip addr show

·修改网卡设置：

 # vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

修改内容（192.168.126.x：x取值0~255）：

IPADDR=192.168.126.18

重启网卡：service network restart。此时就可以使用XShell连接Linux了。

ping路由

 # ping 192.168.126.1

 # ping 192.168.126.2

添加网关：

 # vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0

内容如下：

0.0.0.0/0 via 192.168.126.2 dev eth0

重启网卡：

 # service network restart

设置DNS：

 # vim /etc/resolv.conf

内容如下：

nameserver 192.168.126.2

#nameserver 175.188.160.154

#meserver 175.188.160.254

#search localdomain

此时，就可ping同外网了。ping www.baidu.com。

【2018年6月30日 09:45:50】

查看IP地址：ip addr show

 [root@localhost ~]# ip addr show

 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000

     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

     inet6 ::1/128 scope host

        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000

     link/ether 00:0c:29:1d:8f:97 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

 3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default qlen 1000

     link/ether 52:54:00:33:18:72 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

     inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0

        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

 4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN group default qlen 1000

     link/ether 52:54:00:33:18:72 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

“2:”的是网卡
如果是CentOS7，修改网卡设置如下：

 vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

需要修改内容如下，将“BOOTPROTO=dhcp”改为：“BOOTPROTO=static”、“ONBOOT=no”改为：“ONBOOT=yes”，其他三项直接添加。

BOOTPROTO=static

ONBOOT=yes

IPADDR=192.168.126.28

NETMASK=225.225.225.0

GATEWAY=192.168.126.2

此时，重启网卡（service network restart）可以用XShell连接Linux了。再将DNS设置与CentOS6一样

 vi /etc/resolv.conf

添加：nameserver 192.168.126.2

 # Generated by NetworkManager

 nameserver 192.168.126.2

wq保存退出。此时就可以ping通了。

[root@localhost ~]# ping www.baidu.com

PING www.a.shifen.com (39.156.66.14) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 39.156.66.14 (39.156.66.14): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=43.8 ms

64 bytes from 39.156.66.14 (39.156.66.14): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=27.9 ms

64 bytes from 39.156.66.14 (39.156.66.14): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=40.5 ms

^C

--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---

15 packets transmitted, 15 received, 0% packet loss, time 14036ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 25.443/35.052/43.864/5.365 ms

如果无法ping通百度，请关闭关闭selinux和防火墙：

 # vi /etc/selinux/config

内容如下：

 # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

 # SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

 #     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

 #     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

 #     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

 # SELINUX=enforcing

 SELINUX=disabled

 # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:

 #     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

 #     mls - Multi Level Security protection.

 SELINUXTYPE=targeted

将“SELINUX=enforcing”改为“SELINUX=disabled”重启后永久关闭selinux。

# 查看selinux的状态

# sestatus -v

# 这个命令可以临时关闭selinux

# setenforce 0

关闭防火墙：

# 这个命令可以临时关闭防火墙

# service iptables stop

# service ip6tables stop

# 这个命令可以永久关闭防火墙

# chkconfig iptables off

# chkconfig ip6tables off

# 这个命令可以查看防火墙的状态

# chkconfig iptables --list

# chkconfig ip6tables --list

下面是具体过程：

 [root@localhost ~]# ip addr show

 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue

     link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

     inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

     inet6 ::1/128 scope host

        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000

     link/ether 00:0c:29:27:db:e0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

     inet 192.168.126.18/24 brd 222.190.30.255 scope global eth0

     inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe27:dbe0/64 scope link

        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

 3: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop

     link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0

 [root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.126.1

 PING 192.168.126.1 (192.168.126.1) 56(84) bytes of data.

 64 bytes from 192.168.126.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.369 ms

 64 bytes from 192.168.126.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.612 ms

 --- 192.168.126.1 ping statistics ---

 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms

 rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.369/0.490/0.612/0.123 ms

 [root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.126.2

 PING 192.168.126.2 (192.168.126.2) 56(84) bytes of data.

 64 bytes from 192.168.126.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=0.437 ms

 64 bytes from 192.168.126.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=0.578 ms

 --- 192.168.126.2 ping statistics ---

 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms

 rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.437/0.507/0.578/0.074 ms

 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0

 [root@localhost ~]# service network restart

 [root@localhost ~]# ip route show

 192.168.126.0/24 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.126.18

 169.254.0.0/16 dev eth0  scope link

 default via 192.168.126.2 dev eth0

 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf

具体原理分析：

检测是否可以ping通外网：ping www.baidu.com -c 10 | awk '{ print $0"\t" strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",systime())}'

 [root@localhost java]# ping www.baidu.com -c 10 | awk '{ print $0"\t" strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",systime())}'

 PING www.a.shifen.com (119.75.213.61) 56(84) bytes of data.    2018-06-25 16:51:49

 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1 (119.75.213.61): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=9.37 ms    2018-06-25 16:51:49

 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1 (119.75.213.61): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=7.96 ms    2018-06-25 16:51:50

 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1 (119.75.213.61): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=8.57 ms    2018-06-25 16:51:51

 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1 (119.75.213.61): icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=10.8 ms    2018-06-25 16:51:52

Java的jdk的安装（rpm方式）：

 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/src/java

 [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/java

 [root@localhost java]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u151-linux-x64.rpm

 Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]

    1:jdk1.8                 ########################################### [100%]

 Unpacking JAR files...

     tools.jar...

     plugin.jar...

     javaws.jar...

     deploy.jar...

     rt.jar...

     jsse.jar...

     charsets.jar...

     localedata.jar...

 [root@localhost java]# java -version

 java version "1.8.0_151"

 Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_151-b12)

 Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.151-b12, mixed mode)

安装tomcat

 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat

 [root@localhost ~]cd /usr/local/tomcat

 [root@localhost tomcat]tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.9.tar.gz

 [root@localhost tomcat]cd apache-tomcat-8.5.9/bin

 [root@localhost bin]# ./startup.sh

 Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.9

 Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.9

 Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.9/temp

 Using JRE_HOME:        /usr

 Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.9/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.9/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

 Tomcat started.

升级yum：

 # 只升级所有包，不升级软件和系统内核

 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y upgrade

 # 升级所有包同时也升级软件和系统内核

 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y update

在线安装vim：

 # yum -y install vim

具体安装过程：

[root@localhost ~]# yum search vim

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/6.9/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 7 - "Failed to connect to 2001:da8:8000:6023::230: Network is unreachable"

Trying other mirror.

base                                                                            | 3.7 kB     00:00

base/primary_db                                                                 | 4.7 MB     00:00

Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock error was

12: Timeout on http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1 bytes/sec transfered the last 30 seconds')

Error: Cannot retrieve repository metadata (repomd.xml) for repository: extras. Please verify its path and try again

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install vim

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Setting up Install Process

Determining fastest mirrors

 * base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com

 * extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com

 * updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com

extras                                                                          | 3.4 kB     00:00

extras/primary_db                                                               |  30 kB     00:00

updates                                                                         | 3.4 kB     00:00

updates/primary_db                                                              | 8.1 MB     00:12

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package vim-enhanced.x86_64 2:7.4.629-5.el6_8.1 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: vim-common = 2:7.4.629-5.el6_8.1 for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libgpm.so.2()(64bit) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package gpm-libs.x86_64 0:1.20.6-12.el6 will be installed

---> Package vim-common.x86_64 2:7.4.629-5.el6_8.1 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: vim-filesystem for package: 2:vim-common-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package vim-filesystem.x86_64 2:7.4.629-5.el6_8.1 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================

 Package                    Arch               Version                          Repository        Size

=======================================================================================================

Installing:

 vim-enhanced               x86_64             2:7.4.629-5.el6_8.1              base             1.0 M

Installing for dependencies:

 gpm-libs                   x86_64             1.20.6-12.el6                    base              28 k

 vim-common                 x86_64             2:7.4.629-5.el6_8.1              base             6.7 M

 vim-filesystem             x86_64             2:7.4.629-5.el6_8.1              base              15 k

Transaction Summary

=======================================================================================================

Install       4 Package(s)

Total download size: 7.8 M

Installed size: 23 M

Downloading Packages:

(1/4): gpm-libs-1.20.6-12.el6.x86_64.rpm                                        |  28 kB     00:00

(2/4): vim-common-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64.rpm                                  | 6.7 MB     00:09

(3/4): vim-enhanced-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64.rpm                                | 1.0 MB     00:01

(4/4): vim-filesystem-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64.rpm                              |  15 kB     00:00

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                                                  682 kB/s | 7.8 MB     00:11

warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY

Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

Importing GPG key 0xC105B9DE:

 Userid : CentOS-6 Key (CentOS 6 Official Signing Key) <centos-6-key@centos.org>

 Package: centos-release-6-8.el6.centos.12.3.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-201605220104.x86_64/6.8)

 From   : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.

  Installing : gpm-libs-1.20.6-12.el6.x86_64                                                       1/4

  Installing : 2:vim-filesystem-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64                                           2/4

  Installing : 2:vim-common-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64                                               3/4

  Installing : 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64                                             4/4

  Verifying  : 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64                                             1/4

  Verifying  : 2:vim-filesystem-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64                                           2/4

  Verifying  : 2:vim-common-7.4.629-5.el6_8.1.x86_64                                               3/4

  Verifying  : gpm-libs-1.20.6-12.el6.x86_64                                                       4/4 

Installed:

  vim-enhanced.x86_64 2:7.4.629-5.el6_8.1                                                              

Dependency Installed:

  gpm-libs.x86_64 0:1.20.6-12.el6                      vim-common.x86_64 2:7.4.629-5.el6_8.1

  vim-filesystem.x86_64 2:7.4.629-5.el6_8.1           

Complete!

在线安装wget：

 # yum -y install wget

在线安装git：

 # yum install git

安装docker

 [root@localhost ~]# yum install docker

 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable docker

 Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

centos7查看端口是否开放：https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/9113f81b4713252b3214c788.html
1、添加开放端口：

[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=90/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3307/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5637/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1521/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=15672/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=27017/tcp --permanent

[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=90/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3307/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5637/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1521/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=15672/tcp --permanent && firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=27017/tcp --permanent

success

success

success

success

success

success

success

success

2、重载防火墙：firewall-cmd --reload

[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

success

3、查看防火墙开放端口：iptables-save

[root@localhost ~]# iptables-save

-A IN_public_allow -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT

-A IN_public_allow -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT

-A IN_public_allow -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT

-A IN_public_allow -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3306 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT

-A IN_public_allow -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3307 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT

4、显示出当前主机打开的所有端口：netstat -tlunp

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tlunp

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      705/rpcbind

tcp        0      0 192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3506/dnsmasq

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1122/sshd

tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1130/cupsd

tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2676/master

tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      705/rpcbind

tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1122/sshd

tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN      1130/cupsd

tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      2676/master

udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:878             0.0.0.0:*                           705/rpcbind

udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5353            0.0.0.0:*                           718/avahi-daemon: r

udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:38593           0.0.0.0:*                           718/avahi-daemon: r

udp        0      0 192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*                           3506/dnsmasq

udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67              0.0.0.0:*                           3506/dnsmasq

udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*                           705/rpcbind

udp6       0      0 :::878                  :::*                                705/rpcbind

udp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                                705/rpcbind

【2019年6月27日 10:59:09】
CentOS命令修改系统时间同步

 [root@localhost ~]# date

 Thu Jun 27 18:53:21 CST 2019

 [root@localhost ~]# hwclock --show

 Thu 27 Jun 2019 06:54:09 PM CST  -0.128977 seconds

 [root@localhost ~]# hwclock --set --date '2019-06-27  10:55:30'

 [root@localhost ~]# hwclock --show

 Thu 27 Jun 2019 10:55:35 AM CST  -0.146720 seconds

 [root@localhost ~]# hwclock --hctosy

 [root@localhost ~]# clock -w

 [root@localhost ~]# init 0

【2019年7月12日 14:24:15】
CentOS安装nmap端口查看工具：yum install nmap

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep nmap

nmap-ncat-6.40-16.el7.x86_64

[root@localhost ~]# yum install nmap

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: mirrors.aliyun.com

* extras: mirrors.163.com

* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00

docker-ce-stable | 3.5 kB 00:00:00

extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00

updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00

updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.5 MB 00:00:03

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package nmap.x86_64 2:6.40-16.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: nmap-ncat = 2:6.40-16.el7 for package: 2:nmap-6.40-16.el7.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package nmap-ncat.x86_64 2:6.40-13.el7 will be updated

---> Package nmap-ncat.x86_64 2:6.40-16.el7 will be an update

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

================================================================================================================================================================================

Installing:

nmap x86_64 2:6.40-16.el7 base 3.9 M

Updating for dependencies:

nmap-ncat x86_64 2:6.40-16.el7 base 206 k

Transaction Summary

================================================================================================================================================================================

Install 1 Package

Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 4.2 M

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

Downloading packages:

No Presto metadata available for base

(1/2): nmap-ncat-6.40-16.el7.x86_64.rpm | 206 kB 00:00:00

(2/2): nmap-6.40-16.el7.x86_64.rpm | 3.9 MB 00:00:01

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 4.0 MB/s | 4.2 MB 00:00:01

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Updating : 2:nmap-ncat-6.40-16.el7.x86_64 1/3

Installing : 2:nmap-6.40-16.el7.x86_64 2/3

Cleanup : 2:nmap-ncat-6.40-13.el7.x86_64 3/3

Verifying : 2:nmap-ncat-6.40-16.el7.x86_64 1/3

Verifying : 2:nmap-6.40-16.el7.x86_64 2/3

Verifying : 2:nmap-ncat-6.40-13.el7.x86_64 3/3

Installed:

nmap.x86_64 2:6.40-16.el7

Dependency Updated:

nmap-ncat.x86_64 2:6.40-16.el7

Complete!

【Mon Jul 03 2017 17:50:16 GMT+0800】
Linux下编译安装mysql-5.5.20.tar.gz
(1)创建MySQL安装目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/
(2)创建数据存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/data/mysql/
(3)创建用户及用户组和赋予数据存放目录权限
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/data/mysql/
------Start Copy------
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/data/mysql/
------End Copy------
(4)cmake（MySQL5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的）
下载：wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
解压：tar zxvf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.4
安装：./configure make && make install
[root@localhost mnt]# tar zxvf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
[root@localhost mnt]# cd cmake-2.8.4
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.4]# ./configure make && make install
------Start Copy------
tar zxvf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.4
./configure make && make install
------End Copy------
(5)解压mysql-5.5.20.tar.gz
[root@localhost mnt]# tar zxvf mysql-5.5.20.tar.gz
[root@localhost mnt]# cd mysql-5.5.20
------Start Copy------
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.20.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.20
------End Copy------
(6)编译mysql-5.5.20
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.20]#
------Start Copy------
cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql/ \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/data/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/data/mysql/mysqld.sock \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/data/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0
------End Copy------
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.20]# make && make install
(7)复制配置文件：（/mnt/mysql-5.5.20）
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.20]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.20]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.20]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
------Start Copy------
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
------End Copy------
(8)初始化数据库（/usr/local/mysql）
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.20]# bash /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/data/mysql/
------Start Copy------
bash /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/data/mysql/
------End Copy------
(9)启动mysql服务并查看
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.20]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.20]# ps -ef |grep mysql
(10)通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器，初始密码为空
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.20]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
(11)修改root密码，并测试
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD("qqqqqq") where user='root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
------Start Copy------
use mysql;
update user set password=PASSWORD("qqqqqq") where user='root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit
------End Copy------
再次启动MySQL服务器验证修改过的密码
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql 　　　　　　　 |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
(12)设置MySQL开机启动
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.20]# cd /etc
[root@localhost etc]# vim rc.local
---------
7 touch /var/lock/subsys/local
8 /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
9 /etc/init.d/mysqld start
---------
[root@localhost etc]# cat rc.local
(12)创建别名：alias mysql='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p'
shell脚本自动安装：

【2018年2月28日 21:32:55】
启动(包括：yum -y remove http* mysql* php*，这种一键装方式)
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
修改密码后：
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
远程连接出现Error 1130问题
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>select host, user from user

对于“ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '%-root' for key 1”报错的解决方案
mysql> update user set host='%' where user = 'root';
ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '%-root' for key 'PRIMARY'
然后查看了下数据库的host信息如下：
mysql> select host from user where user = 'root';
+-----------------------+
| host |
+-----------------------+
| % |
| 127.0.0.1 |
| localhost.localdomain |
+-----------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
host已经有了%这个值，所以直接运行命令，即可用工具链接
mysql>flush privileges;
启动apache
[root@localhost ~]# service httpd start
Starting httpd: [ OK ]

【Sat Jun 17 2017 09:20:20 GMT+0800】
简要步骤：
1、VMware Workstation安装
(1)“文件”→“新建虚拟机(N)...”
(2)弹出“新建虚拟机安装向导”选“典型(推荐)(T)”，单击“下一步”
(3)安装客户机操作系统选择“稍后安装操作系统”
(4)选择客户机操作系统：
-客户机操作系统选择“Linux”；
-版本选择“CentOS”
(5)命名虚拟机
-虚拟机名称：CentOS
-位置：F:\sys\CentOS
(6)指定磁盘容量:
-最大磁盘大小(GB)(S):5.0（选择5GB）
-选择“将虚拟磁盘存储为单个文件”
(7)已准备好创建虚拟机
(8)编辑虚拟机设置：
-将内存改为“512M”或“256M”
-网络适配器定义为：“VMnet1”
-移除不需要的：“USB 控制器”、“声卡”、“打印机”
-在“CD/DVD (IDE)”的右侧面板的“连接”→“适用 ISO 镜像文件”，浏览找到“CentOS-5.5-i386-bin-DVD.iso”
(9)开启次虚拟机
2、CentOS5.5安装
移除分区、取消桌面、添加开发工具包
3、检测安装是否正确
(1)查看IP地址：ifconfig
(2)防火墙：iptables -L
(3)查看SELinux状态：sestauts
(4)检测开发工具包是否已安装：rpm -qa | grep gcc
图文步骤：
1、VMware Workstation安装
(1)“文件”→“新建虚拟机(N)...”

(2)弹出“新建虚拟机安装向导”选“典型(推荐)(T)”，单击“下一步”

(3)安装客户机操作系统选择“稍后安装操作系统”

(4)选择客户机操作系统：
-客户机操作系统选择“Linux”；
-版本选择“CentOS”

(5)命名虚拟机
-虚拟机名称：CentOS
-位置：F:\sys\CentOS

(6)指定磁盘容量:
-最大磁盘大小(GB)(S):5.0（选择5GB）
-选择“将虚拟磁盘存储为单个文件”

(7)已准备好创建虚拟机

(8)编辑虚拟机设置：
-将内存改为“512M”或“256M”
-网络适配器定义为：“VMnet1”
-移除不需要的：“USB 控制器”、“声卡”、“打印机”
-在“CD/DVD (IDE)”的右侧面板的“连接”→“适用 ISO 镜像文件”，浏览找到“CentOS-5.5-i386-bin-DVD.iso”