安装 MyCAT
安装 java 环境(db1)
yum install -y java
下载 Mycat-server-1.6.5-release-20180122220033-linux.tar.gz
官网地址在:http://dl.mycat.io/
把 软件上传至 /software 上
cd /data/
tar zxf /software/Mycat-server-1.6.5-release-20180122220033-linux.tar.gz
vi /etc/profile
export PATH=/data/mycat/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
mycat 配置文件目录介绍
logs目录:
wrapper.log ---->mycat启动日志
mycat.log ---->mycat详细工作日志
conf目录:
schema.xml
主配置文件(读写分离、高可用、分布式策略定制、节点控制)
server.xml
mycat软件本身相关的配置
rule.xml
分片规则配置文件,记录分片规则列表、使用方法等
测试数据准备(db1)
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "grant all on *.* to root@'192.168.31.%' identified by '123';"
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -e "grant all on *.* to root@'192.168.31.%' identified by '123';"
mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
create database klvchen;
CREATE TABLE klvchen.t1
(
PersonID int,
Name varchar(255)
);
insert into klvchen.t1 values(1,'lucy'),(2,'lily'),(3,'james');
mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock
create database klvchen;
CREATE TABLE klvchen.t1
(
PersonID int,
Name varchar(255)
);
insert into klvchen.t1 values(1,'lucy'),(2,'lily'),(3,'james');
配置 MyCAT 读写分离
配置 schema.xml (db1)
cd /data/mycat/conf
mv schema.xml schema.xml.ori
vi schema.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1">
</schema>
<dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="localhost1" database= "klvchen" />
<dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="db1" url="192.168.31.205:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db2" url="192.168.31.205:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
</mycat:schema>
测试(db1)
# 启动
mycat start
# 连接mycat:
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P8066
select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 9 |
+-------------+
begin; select @@server_id;commit;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 7 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
配置讲解
# 逻辑库:schema
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1">
</schema>
# 数据节点:datanode
<dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="localhost1" database= "klvchen" />
# 数据主机:datahost(w和r)
<dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="db1" url="192.168.31.205:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db2" url="192.168.31.205:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
# balance属性
负载均衡类型,目前的取值有3种:
1. balance="0", 不开启读写分离机制,所有读操作都发送到当前可用的writeHost上。
2. balance="1",全部的readHost与standby writeHost参与select语句的负载均衡,简单的说,
当双主双从模式(M1->S1,M2->S2,并且M1与 M2互为主备),正常情况下,M2,S1,S2都参与select语句的负载均衡。
3. balance="2",所有读操作都随机的在writeHost、readhost上分发。
# writeType属性
负载均衡类型,目前的取值有2种:
1. writeType="0", 所有写操作发送到配置的第一个writeHost,第一个挂了切到还生存的第二个writeHost,重新启动后已切换后的为主,切换记录在配置文件中:dnindex.properties
2. writeType=“1”,所有写操作都随机的发送到配置的writeHost,但不推荐使用
# switchType属性
-1 表示不自动切换
1 默认值,自动切换
2 基于MySQL主从同步的状态决定是否切换 ,心跳语句为 show slave status
# datahost其他配置
maxCon="1000":最大的并发连接数
minCon="10" :mycat在启动之后,会在后端节点上自动开启的连接线程
tempReadHostAvailable="1": 如果配置了这个属性 writeHost 下面的 readHost 仍旧可用,默认 0 可配置(0、1)
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> : 监测心跳
配置 MyCAT 读写分离高可用
配置 schema.xml (db1)
cd /data/mycat/conf
cp schema.xml schema.xml.rw
vi schema.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
<schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1">
</schema>
<dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="localhost1" database= "klvchen" />
<dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1">
<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="db1" url="192.168.31.205:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db2" url="192.168.31.205:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
<writeHost host="db3" url="192.168.31.206:3307" user="root" password="123">
<readHost host="db4" url="192.168.31.206:3309" user="root" password="123" />
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
</mycat:schema>
mycat restart
测试(db1)
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P8066
select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 9 |
+-------------+
select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 19 |
+-------------+
select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 17 |
+-------------+
begin; select @@server_id;commit;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 7 |
+-------------+
# 关闭真正的 writehost (db1)
systemctl stop mysqld3307
# 测试
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h 127.0.0.1 -P8066
select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 19 |
+-------------+
select @@server_id;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 19 |
+-------------+
begin; select @@server_id;commit;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 17 |
+-------------+
begin; select @@server_id;commit;
+-------------+
| @@server_id |
+-------------+
| 17 |
+-------------+
结论
真正的 writehost:负责写操作的writehost
standby writeHost :和readhost一样,只提供读服务
当写节点宕机后,后面跟的readhost也不提供服务,这时候standby的writehost就提供写服务,
后面跟的readhost提供读服务