Django学习：分页优化(12)

2024-02-14 11:29:22

当有很多页面时，页码会显得比较臃肿，需要将中间的页码隐藏起来，也就是需要对分页显示进行优化。

对之前的页面初步调整，之前分页页面未显示博客数量。

修改blog templates blog blog_list.html文件

<div class="panel-heading">{% block blog_list_title %}博客列表(一共有{{ page_of_blogs.paginator.count }}篇博客){% endblock %}</div>

此时可以正确显示博客数量。

修改views.py文件利于阅读

    context = {}
    context['blogs'] = page_of_blogs.object_list
    context['page_of_blogs'] = page_of_blogs
    context['blog_types'] = BlogType.objects.all()
    return render_to_response('blog/blog_list.html', context)

同时把blog_list.html的相应代码进行修改

<div class="panel-body">
                        {% for blog in blogs %}
                        <div class="blog">
                            <h3><a href="{% url 'blog_detail' blog.pk %}">{{ blog.title }}</a></h3>
                            <p class="blog_info">
                                <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-tag"></span><a href='{% url "blogs_with_type" blog.blog_type.pk %}'>{{ blog.blog_type }}</a>
                                <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-time"></span>{{ blog.created_time|date:"Y-m-d" }}
                            </p>
                            <p>{{ blog.content|truncatechars_html:120 }}</p>
                        </div>
                        {% empty %}
                        <div class="blog">
                            <h3>-- 暂无博客，敬请期待 --</h3>
                        </div>
                        {% endfor %}
                    </div>

将代码修改为以2篇博客作为分页

views.py

paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, 2)

此时刷新页面变为

产生2个需求，当用户点击页码时，让页码显示为高亮，另外减少显示的页码数量，增强用户观感体验。

让选中的页码显示高亮

blog_list.html

{# 全部页码 #}
                        {% for page_num in page_of_blogs.paginator.page_range %}
                            {% if page_num == page_of_blogs.number %}
                                <li class='active'><a href="?page={{ page_num }}">{{ page_num }}</a></li>
                            {% else %}
                                <li><a href="?page={{ page_num }}">{{ page_num }}</a></li>
                            {% endif %}
                        {% endfor %}

此时选择页码会变为选中状态

为了点击一个页码时仅显示部分页面信息，可以考虑只显示出当前页及前后2页

修改views.py文件

def blog_list(request):
    
    blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.all()
    paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, 2) # 每10篇博客进行分页
    page_num = request.GET.get('page', 1) # 获取url的页面参数（GET请求）
    page_of_blogs = paginator.get_page(page_num)
    current_page_num = page_of_blogs.number # 获取当前页码
    page_range = [current_page_num - 2, current_page_num - 1, current_page_num, current_page_num + 1, current_page_num + 2]

    context = {}
    context['blogs'] = page_of_blogs.object_list
    context['page_range'] = page_range
    context['page_of_blogs'] = page_of_blogs
    context['blog_types'] = BlogType.objects.all()
    return render_to_response('blog/blog_list.html', context)

修改blog_list.html文件

{# 全部页码 #}
                        {% for page_num in page_range %}
                            {% if page_num == page_of_blogs.number %}
                                <li class='active'><span>{{ page_num }}</span></li>
                            {% else %}
                                <li><a href="?page={{ page_num }}">{{ page_num }}</a></li>
                            {% endif %}
                        {% endfor %}

此时得到的页面如下：

出现了一个新的问题，当页码已经是最后一页的时候，后两页页码显示了出来，但实际上是没有内容的。

对views.py文件进行优化

def blog_list(request):
    
    blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.all()
    paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, 2) # 每10篇博客进行分页
    page_num = request.GET.get('page', 1) # 获取url的页面参数（GET请求）
    page_of_blogs = paginator.get_page(page_num)
    current_page_num = page_of_blogs.number # 获取当前页码
    page_range = list(range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1), current_page_num)) + list(range(current_page_num, min(current_page_num + 2, paginator.num_pages) + 1))

    context = {}
    context['blogs'] = page_of_blogs.object_list
    context['page_range'] = page_range
    context['page_of_blogs'] = page_of_blogs
    context['blog_types'] = BlogType.objects.all()
    return render_to_response('blog/blog_list.html', context)

此时页面变为

继续修改views.py让首页和尾页显示出来

def blog_list(request):
    
    blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.all()
    paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, 2) # 每10篇博客进行分页
    page_num = request.GET.get('page', 1) # 获取url的页面参数（GET请求）
    page_of_blogs = paginator.get_page(page_num)
    current_page_num = page_of_blogs.number # 获取当前页码
    # 获取当前页前后各2页
    page_range = list(range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1), current_page_num)) + list(range(current_page_num, min(current_page_num + 2, paginator.num_pages) + 1))
    
    if page_range[0] != 1:
        page_range.insert(0, 1)
    if page_range[-1] != paginator.num_pages:
        page_range.append(paginator.num_pages)


    context = {}
    context['blogs'] = page_of_blogs.object_list
    context['page_range'] = page_range
    context['page_of_blogs'] = page_of_blogs
    context['blog_types'] = BlogType.objects.all()
    return render_to_response('blog/blog_list.html', context)

中间的页码用省略号显示

views.py

def blog_list(request):
    
    blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.all()
    paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, 2) # 每10篇博客进行分页
    page_num = request.GET.get('page', 1) # 获取url的页面参数（GET请求）
    page_of_blogs = paginator.get_page(page_num)
    current_page_num = page_of_blogs.number # 获取当前页码
    # 获取当前页前后各2页
    page_range = list(range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1), current_page_num)) + list(range(current_page_num, min(current_page_num + 2, paginator.num_pages) + 1))
    
    # 加上省略号
    if page_range[0] - 1 >= 2:
        page_range.insert(0, '...')
    if paginator.num_pages - page_range[-1] >= 2:
        page_range.append('...')


    # 加上首尾页码
    if page_range[0] != 1:
        page_range.insert(0, 1)
    if page_range[-1] != paginator.num_pages:
        page_range.append(paginator.num_pages)

    context = {}
    context['blogs'] = page_of_blogs.object_list
    context['page_range'] = page_range
    context['page_of_blogs'] = page_of_blogs
    context['blog_types'] = BlogType.objects.all()
    return render_to_response('blog/blog_list.html', context)

此时页面效果

此时...是可以点击的，可以通过修改blog_list.html模板文件调整为不可点击。

{# 全部页码 #}
                        {% for page_num in page_range %}
                            {% if page_num == page_of_blogs.number %}
                                <li class='active'><span>{{ page_num }}</span></li>
                            {% else %}
                                {% if page_num == '...' %}
                                    <li><span>{{ page_num }}</span></li>
                                {% else %}
                                    <li><a href="?page={{ page_num }}">{{ page_num }}</a></li>
                                {% endif %}
                            {% endif %}
                        {% endfor %}

进一步的美化操作，将博客数量显示在页码下方，并居中。

修改blog_list.html

<div class='paginator'>
                      <ul class="pagination">
                        {# 上一页 #}
                        <li>
                            {% if page_of_blogs.has_previous %}
                                <a href="?page={{ page_of_blogs.previous_page_number }}" aria-label="Previous">
                                    <span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
                                </a>
                            {% else %}
                                <span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
                            {% endif %}
                        </li>
                        {# 全部页码 #}
                        {% for page_num in page_range %}
                            {% if page_num == page_of_blogs.number %}
                                <li class='active'><span>{{ page_num }}</span></li>
                            {% else %}
                                {% if page_num == '...' %}
                                    <li><span>{{ page_num }}</span></li>
                                {% else %}
                                    <li><a href="?page={{ page_num }}">{{ page_num }}</a></li>
                                {% endif %}
                            {% endif %}
                        {% endfor %}
                        {# 下一页 #}
                        <li>
                            {% if page_of_blogs.has_next %}
                                <a href="?page={{ page_of_blogs.next_page_number }}" aria-label="Next">
                                    <span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
                                </a>
                            {% else %}
                                <span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
                            {% endif %}
                        </li>
                      </ul>
                      <p>
                        共有{{ page_of_blogs.paginator.count }}篇博客，当前{{ page_of_blogs.number }}页，共{{ page_of_blogs.paginator.num_pages }}页
                      </p>
                </div>

blog.css

ul.blog_types {
    list-style-type: none;
}
div.blog:not(:last-child) {
    margin-bottom: 2em;
    padding-bottom: 1em;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}
div.blog h3 {
    margin-top: 0.5em;
}
div.blog p.blog-info {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}
div.paginator {
    text-align: center;
}

ul.blog_info_description {
    list-style-type: none;
    margin-bottom: 1em;
}
ul.blog_info_description li {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-right: 2em;
}
div.blog-content {
    text-indent: 2em;
}

强制刷新主页

还可以进一步优化让进入博客分类的页面显示效果与分页效果相同

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render_to_response,get_object_or_404
from django.core.paginator import Paginator
from .models import Blog, BlogType

# Create your views here.

# 每一页博客数量
each_page_blogs_number = 2

def blog_list(request):
    
    blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.all()
    paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, each_page_blogs_number) 
    page_num = request.GET.get('page', 1) # 获取url的页面参数（GET请求）
    page_of_blogs = paginator.get_page(page_num)
    current_page_num = page_of_blogs.number # 获取当前页码
    # 获取当前页前后各2页
    page_range = list(range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1), current_page_num)) + list(range(current_page_num, min(current_page_num + 2, paginator.num_pages) + 1))
    
    # 加上省略号
    if page_range[0] - 1 >= 2:
        page_range.insert(0, '...')
    if paginator.num_pages - page_range[-1] >= 2:
        page_range.append('...')

    # 加上首尾页码
    if page_range[0] != 1:
        page_range.insert(0, 1)
    if page_range[-1] != paginator.num_pages:
        page_range.append(paginator.num_pages)

    context = {}
    context['blogs'] = page_of_blogs.object_list
    context['page_range'] = page_range
    context['page_of_blogs'] = page_of_blogs
    context['blog_types'] = BlogType.objects.all()
    return render_to_response('blog/blog_list.html', context)

def blog_detail(request,blog_pk):
    context = {}
    context['blog'] = get_object_or_404(Blog, pk=blog_pk)
    return render_to_response('blog/blog_detail.html', context)

def blogs_with_type(request, blog_type_pk):
    context = {}
    blog_type = get_object_or_404(BlogType, pk=blog_type_pk)
    blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.filter(blog_type=blog_type)
    paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, each_page_blogs_number)
    page_num = request.GET.get('page', 1) # 获取url的页面参数（GET请求）
    page_of_blogs = paginator.get_page(page_num)
    current_page_num = page_of_blogs.number # 获取当前页码
    # 获取当前页前后各2页
    page_range = list(range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1), current_page_num)) + list(range(current_page_num, min(current_page_num + 2, paginator.num_pages) + 1))
    
    # 加上省略号
    if page_range[0] - 1 >= 2:
        page_range.insert(0, '...')
    if paginator.num_pages - page_range[-1] >= 2:
        page_range.append('...')

    # 加上首尾页码
    if page_range[0] != 1:
        page_range.insert(0, 1)
    if page_range[-1] != paginator.num_pages:
        page_range.append(paginator.num_pages)

    context = {}
    context['blog_type'] = blog_type
    context['blogs'] = page_of_blogs.object_list
    context['page_range'] = page_range
    context['page_of_blogs'] = page_of_blogs
    context['blog_types'] = BlogType.objects.all()
    return render_to_response('blog/blogs_with_type.html', context)

blogs_with_type.html

{% extends 'blog/blog_list.html' %}
{# 页面标题 #}
{% block title %}{{ blog_type.type_name }}{% endblock %}
{% block blog_list_title %}
    {{ blog_type.type_name }}
    <a href='{% url "blog_list" %}'>查看全部博客</a>
{% endblock %}

此时博客列表进入的页面如下：

对于分页的页码还可以使用全局设置，在settings.py中进行设置

settings.py

...
...
# 自定义设置
EACH_PAGE_BLOGS_NUMBER = 7

views.py

from django.conf import settings
def blog_list(request):
    
    blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.all()
    paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, settings.EACH_PAGE_BLOGS_NUMBER) 
    ....
    return render_to_response('blog/blog_list.html', context)
    
def blogs_with_type(request, blog_type_pk):
    context = {}
    blog_type = get_object_or_404(BlogType, pk=blog_type_pk)
    blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.filter(blog_type=blog_type)
    paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, settings.EACH_PAGE_BLOGS_NUMBER)
    ....

此时页面按每7篇进行一次分页。

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