Struts2+Spring+Hibernate导包
Struts2导入jar包
struts2/apps/struts2-blank.war/WEB-INF/lib/*.jar
导入与spring整合的jar
struts2/lib/struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar --- 整合Spring框架
struts2/lib/struts2-json-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar --- 整合AJAX
struts2/lib/struts2-convention-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar --- 使用Struts2注解开发.
配置web.xml
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
配置struts.xml
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"></package>
</struts>
Spring导入jar包
Spring3.2 开发最基本jar包
spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar
com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.15.jar
AOP开发
spring-aop-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
Spring事务管理
spring-tx-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
Spring整合其他ORM框架
spring-orm-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
Spring在web中使用
spring-web-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
Spring整合Junit测试
spring-test-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
在web.xml中配置监听器
<!-- 配置Spring的监听器 -->
<listener>
<!-- 监听器默认加载的是WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml -->
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 指定Spring框架的配置文件所在的位置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
Hibernate的jar包导入
核心包
hibernate3.jar
lib/required/*.jar
lib/jpa/*.jar
引入hibernate整合日志系统的jar包
数据连接池
数据库驱动
二级缓存(可选)
backport-util-concurrent.jar
commons-logging.jar
ehcache-1.5.0.jar
Struts2和Spring的整合
新建包结构
cn.yzu.action
cn.yzu.service
cn.yzu.dao
cn.yzu.vo
创建实体类
public class Book {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Double price;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
}
}
Book
新建一个jsp页面（addBook.jsp）
<s:form action="book_add" namespace="/" method="post" theme="simple">
图书名称:<s:textfield name="name"/><br/>
图书价格:<s:textfield name="price"/><br/>
<s:submit value="添加图书"/>
</s:form>
编写Action
public class BookAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Book>{
// 模型驱动类
private Book book = new Book();
public Book getModel() {
return book;
}
// 处理请求的方法:
public String add(){
System.out.println("web层的添加执行了...");
return NONE;
}
}
配置struts.xml
<action name="book_*" class="cn.yzu.action.BookAction" method="{1}"></action>
Struts2和Spring的整合两种方式
Struts2自己管理Action(方式一，不推荐):Struts2框架自动创建Action的类
<action name="book_*" class="cn.yzu.action.BookAction" method="{1}">
Action交给Spring管理(方式二，推荐，交由Spring管理，有利于AOP开发，进行统一管理)
可以在<action>标签上通过一个伪类名方式进行配置
<action name="book_*" class="bookAction" method="{1}"></action>
在spring的配置文件中
<!-- 配置Action 注意:Action交给Spring管理一定要配置scope=”prototype”-->
<bean id="bookAction" class="cn.yzu.action.BookAction" scope=”prototype”></bean>
Web层获得Service:
传统方式:获得WebApplicationContext对象,通过WebAppolicationContext中getBean(“”)
实际开发中
引入struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar,有一个配置文件 : struts-plugin.xml，它开启了常量
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />引发另一个常量的执行:(Spring的工厂类按照名称自动注入)
struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name
Spring整合Hibernate
Spring整合Hibernate框架的时候有两种方式
零障碍整合(一)
可以在Spring中引入Hibernate的配置文件,通过LocalSessionFactoryBean在spring中直接引用hibernate配置文件
<!-- 零障碍整合 在spring配置文件中引入hibernate的配置文件 -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/>
</bean>
Spring提供了Hibernate的模板.只需要将HibernateTemplate模板注入给DAO,改写DAO继承HibernateDaoSupport
<!-- DAO的配置 -->
<bean id="bookDao" class="cn.yzu.dao.BookDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
public class BookDao extends HibernateDaoSupport{
public void save(Book book) {
System.out.println("DAO层的保存图书...");
this.getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
}
}
创建一个映射文件
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="cn.yzu.vo.Book" table="book">
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name"/>
<property name="price"/>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
别忘记事务管理
<!-- 管理事务器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- 注解开启事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
没有Hibernate配置文件的形式(二)
不需要Hibernate配置文件的方式,将Hibernate配置文件的信息直接配置到Spring中
连接池
<!-- 引入外部属性文件. -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!-- 配置c3p0连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
Hibernate常用属性
<!-- 配置Hibernate的属性 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.autocommit">false</prop>
</props>
</property>
映射
<!--<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>cn/yzu/vo/Book.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property> -->
<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
<list>
<value>classpath:cn/yzu/vo</value>
</list>
</property>
HibernateTemplate的API
Serializable save(Object entity) :保存数据
void update(Object entity) :修改数据
void delete(Object entity) :删除数据
<T> T get(Class<T> entityClass, Serializable id) :根据ID进行检索.立即检索
<T> T load(Class<T> entityClass, Serializable id) :根据ID进行检索.延迟检索.
List find(String queryString, Object... values) :支持HQL查询.直接返回List集合.
List findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria) :离线条件查询.
List findByNamedQuery(String queryName, Object... values) :命名查询的方式.
OpenSessionInView
解决办法：1：不使用懒加载 2：在web层开启事务开启事务（添加如下配置）
<filter>
<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
完整配置
public class BookAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Book>{
private BookService bookService;
public void setBookService(BookService bookService) {
this.bookService = bookService;
}
// 模型驱动类
private Book book = new Book();
public Book getModel() {
return book;
}
// 处理请求的方法:
public String add(){
System.out.println("web层的添加执行了...");
bookService.add(book);
return NONE;
}
public String findByIdLazy(){
Book book = bookService.findByIdLazy(2);
System.out.println(book);
return NONE;
}
}
BookAction
public class BookDao extends HibernateDaoSupport{
public void save(Book book) {
System.out.println("DAO层的保存图书...");
this.getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
}
public void update(Book book){
this.getHibernateTemplate().update(book);
}
public void delete(Book book){
this.getHibernateTemplate().delete(book);
}
public Book findById(Integer id){
return this.getHibernateTemplate().get(Book.class, id);
}
public List<Book> findAll(){
return this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from Book");
}
public List<Book> findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria){
return this.getHibernateTemplate().findByCriteria(criteria);
}
public List<Book> findByName(String name){
return this.getHibernateTemplate().findByNamedQuery("findByName", name);
}
public Book findByIdLazy(Integer id){
return this.getHibernateTemplate().load(Book.class,id);
}
}
BookDao
@Transactional
public class BookService { private BookDao bookDao;
public void setBookDao(BookDao bookDao) {
this.bookDao = bookDao;
}
public void add(Book book) {
bookDao.save(book);
}
public void update(Book book) {
bookDao.update(book);
}
public void delete(Book book) {
bookDao.delete(book);
}
public Book findById(Integer id) {
return bookDao.findById(id);
}
public List<Book> findAll(){
return bookDao.findAll();
}
public List<Book> findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria){
return bookDao.findByCriteria(criteria);
}
public List<Book> findByName(String name){
return bookDao.findByName(name);
}
public Book findByIdLazy(Integer id){
return bookDao.findByIdLazy(id);
}
}
BookService
public class Book {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Double price;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(Double price) {
this.price = price;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
}
}
Book
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping>
<class name="cn.yzu.vo.Book" table="book">
<id name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property name="name"/>
<property name="price"/>
</class>
<query name="findByName">
from Book where name = ?
</query>
</hibernate-mapping>
Book.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 没有Hibernate配置文件 -->
<!-- 连接池信息 -->
<!-- 引入外部属性文件. -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!-- 配置c3p0连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 管理连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 配置Hibernate的属性 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.autocommit">false</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 加载映射 -->
<!-- <property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>cn/yzu/vo/Book.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property> -->
<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
<list>
<value>classpath:cn/yzu/vo</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置Action -->
<bean id="bookAction" class="cn.yzu.action.BookAction" scope="prototype">
<property name="bookService" ref="bookService"/>
</bean>
<!-- Service的配置 -->
<bean id="bookService" class="cn.yzu.service.BookService">
<property name="bookDao" ref="bookDao"/>
</bean>
<!-- DAO的配置 -->
<bean id="bookDao" class="cn.yzu.dao.BookDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- 管理事务 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- 注解开启事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="book_*" class="bookAction" method="{1}"></action>
</package>
</struts>
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <filter>
<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter> <filter-mapping>
<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping> <!-- 配置Spring的监听器 -->
<listener>
<!-- 监听器默认加载的是WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml -->
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener> <!-- 指定Spring框架的配置文件所在的位置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param> <!-- 配置Struts2的核心过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping> <display-name></display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
web.xml
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>添加图书</h1>
<s:form action="book_add" namespace="/" method="post" theme="simple">
图书名称:<s:textfield name="name"/><br/>
图书价格:<s:textfield name="price"/><br/>
<s:submit value="添加图书"/>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
addBook.jsp