高通8064 8974 8926等pm芯片都集成了电量计,估计后续芯片都会一直存在,现在许多项目UI状态栏电池都有百分比显示,所以需要深入分析BMS有助于解决电量方面的BUG。
一: SOC(荷电状态)计算方法
名词:
FCC Full-charge capacity
UC Remaining capacity
CC Coulumb counter
UUC Unusable capacity
RUC Remaining usable capacity // RUC=RC-CC-UUC
SoC State of charge
OCV Open circuit voltage
SOC=(RC-CC-UUC)/(FCC-UUC)
以下是各个变量的计算方法:
1:FCC:
在校准的电池profile中有定义,会随温度有变化;
- static struct single_row_lut fcc_temp = {
- .x = {-20, 0, 25, 40, 60},
- .y = {3193, 3190, 3190, 3180, 3183},
- .cols = 5
- };
2:RC: 开机通过开始获取的开路电压(ocv)来查表(电池校准的profile文件)计算百分比,来比对计算(电压与电荷量正比);(ocv=vbatt+rbatt*i_ma)
内核计算方法:
- static int calculate_remaining_charge_uah(struct pm8921_bms_chip *chip,
- struct pm8921_soc_params *raw,
- int fcc_uah, int batt_temp,
- int chargecycles)
- {
- int ocv, pc, batt_temp_decidegc;
- ocv = raw->last_good_ocv_uv;
- batt_temp_decidegc = chip->last_ocv_temp_decidegc;
- pc = calculate_pc(chip, ocv, batt_temp_decidegc, chargecycles);
- pr_info("ocv = %d pc = %d\n", ocv, pc);
- return (fcc_uah * pc) / 100;
- }
但是通常情况下开机使用计算RC的ocv是上次关机存下的百分比,反向查表算出的ocv;
现在我们做法是通过判断开机时的ocv与关机的ocv如果偏差太大,我们将采用开机ocv来计算RC,所以开机的ocv对开机的百分比影响非常大;
3:CC:pmic库伦计 ADC采样到的:
内核获取方法:
- /**
- * calculate_cc_uah -
- * @chip: the bms chip pointer
- * @cc: the cc reading from bms h/w
- * @val: return value
- * @coulumb_counter: adjusted coulumb counter for 100%
- *
- * RETURNS: in val pointer coulumb counter based charger in uAh
- * (micro Amp hour)
- */
- static void calculate_cc_uah(struct pm8921_bms_chip *chip, int cc, int *val)
- {
- int64_t cc_voltage_uv, cc_pvh, cc_uah;
- cc_voltage_uv = cc;
- pr_debug("cc = %d\n", cc);
- cc_voltage_uv = cc_to_microvolt(chip, cc_voltage_uv);
- cc_voltage_uv = pm8xxx_cc_adjust_for_gain(cc_voltage_uv);
- pr_debug("cc_voltage_uv = %lld microvolts\n", cc_voltage_uv);
- cc_pvh = ccmicrovolt_to_pvh(cc_voltage_uv);
- pr_debug("cc_pvh = %lld pico_volt_hour\n", cc_pvh);
- cc_uah = div_s64(cc_pvh, chip->r_sense_uohm);
- *val = cc_uah;
- }
4:UUC:计算方法和UC一致,但是rbatt是动态变化的,会复杂点;
- static int calculate_termination_uuc(struct pm8921_bms_chip *chip,
- int batt_temp, int chargecycles,
- int fcc_uah, int i_ma,
- int *ret_pc_unusable)
- {
- int unusable_uv, pc_unusable, uuc;
- int i = 0;
- int ocv_mv;
- int batt_temp_degc = batt_temp / 10;
- int rbatt_mohm;
- int delta_uv;
- int prev_delta_uv = 0;
- int prev_rbatt_mohm = 0;
- int prev_ocv_mv = 0;
- int uuc_rbatt_uv;
- for (i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
- ocv_mv = interpolate_ocv(chip->pc_temp_ocv_lut,
- batt_temp_degc, i);
- rbatt_mohm = get_rbatt(chip, i, batt_temp);
- unusable_uv = (rbatt_mohm * i_ma) + (chip->v_cutoff * 1000);
- delta_uv = ocv_mv * 1000 - unusable_uv;
- pr_debug("soc = %d ocv = %d rbat = %d u_uv = %d delta_v = %d\n",
- i, ocv_mv, rbatt_mohm, unusable_uv, delta_uv);
- if (delta_uv > 0)
- break;
- prev_delta_uv = delta_uv;
- prev_rbatt_mohm = rbatt_mohm;
- prev_ocv_mv = ocv_mv;
- }
- uuc_rbatt_uv = linear_interpolate(rbatt_mohm, delta_uv,
- prev_rbatt_mohm, prev_delta_uv,
- 0);
- unusable_uv = (uuc_rbatt_uv * i_ma) + (chip->v_cutoff * 1000);
- pc_unusable = calculate_pc(chip, unusable_uv, batt_temp, chargecycles);
- uuc = (fcc_uah * pc_unusable) / 100;
- pr_debug("For i_ma = %d, unusable_rbatt = %d unusable_uv = %d unusable_pc = %d uuc = %d\n",
- i_ma, uuc_rbatt_uv, unusable_uv,
- pc_unusable, uuc);
- *ret_pc_unusable = pc_unusable;
- return uuc;
- }
高通的这套BMS算法运行起来由于ocv的校准和温度等等原因,会有一定的偏差,高通还有一套通过校准OCV来估算SOC(简称soc_est)的机制,下面就是使用这套来校准SOC;
二:校准SOC
高通算法通过对soc与soc_est比较计算出ocv的差值,来改变last_ocv_uv的值,主要是改变RC,重新计算soc,将会使得soc与soc_est越来越接近,越来越准;
ocv在以下2种情况会被改变:
1:系统睡眠唤醒期间,cov被更新,库仑计RST;
2:低电进入adjust_soc()方法调节;
在高通8064平台由于电量计对大电流计算不准确,一直亮屏的情况(没有经历睡眠唤醒的ocv更新与CC RST)会导致关机电压到达3.74V。要想解决这个问题必须使得校准SOC可以正常工作。但是当满电时开机就会记录ocv的值偏高,导致快要低电时不能很好的校准soc。所以有必要在马上进入低电(15%)时做一次模拟开机一次(电量计RERST CC=0从soc找出ocv )使得last_ocv_uv降下来,才可以完美发挥adjust_soc的作用,使得关机电压能一直能到3.4V左右。
- <6>[ 7796.038269] read_soc_params_raw: 333333333 last_good_ocv_uv= 3777000uV
- <6>[ 7796.038360] read_soc_params_raw: last_good_ocv_raw= 0x943f, last_good_ocv_uv= 3777000uV
- <6>[ 7796.038543] calculate_soc_params: FCC = 3190000uAh batt_temp = 300, cycles = 0
- <6>[ 7796.038635] calculate_remaining_charge_uah: ocv = 3777000 pc = 35
- <6>[ 7796.038665] calculate_soc_params: RC = 1116500uAh
- <6>[ 7796.038726] calculate_soc_params: cc_uah = 394979uAh raw->cc = 5764312
- <6>[ 7796.038818] calculate_state_of_charge: RUC(RC-CC-UUC) = 657721uAh RC = 1116500uAh CC= 394979uAh UUC= 63800uAh FCC= 3190000uAh SOC(RUC/FCC-UUC) =21
adjust_soc方法:
- </pre><p class="pa-1" style="line-height: 18px; font-size: 14px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: 宋体;"><pre name="code" class="html"> static int last_soc_est = -EINVAL;
- static int adjust_soc(struct pm8921_bms_chip *chip, int soc,
- int batt_temp, int chargecycles,
- int rbatt, int fcc_uah, int uuc_uah, int cc_uah)
- {
- int ibat_ua = 0, vbat_uv = 0;
- int ocv_est_uv = 0, soc_est = 0, pc_est = 0, pc = 0;
- int delta_ocv_uv = 0;
- int n = 0;
- int rc_new_uah = 0;
- int pc_new = 0;
- int soc_new = 0;
- int m = 0;
- int rc = 0;
- int delta_ocv_uv_limit = 0;
- int correction_limit_uv = 0;
- rc = pm8921_bms_get_simultaneous_battery_voltage_and_current(
- &ibat_ua,
- &vbat_uv);
- if (rc < 0) {
- pr_err("simultaneous vbat ibat failed err = %d\n", rc);
- goto out;
- }
- very_low_voltage_check(chip, ibat_ua, vbat_uv);
- if (chip->low_voltage_detect &&
- wake_lock_active(&chip->low_voltage_wake_lock)) {
- if (is_voltage_below_cutoff_window(chip, ibat_ua, vbat_uv)) {
- soc = 0;
- pr_info("Voltage below cutoff, setting soc to 0\n");
- goto out;
- }
- }
- delta_ocv_uv_limit = DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(ibat_ua, 1000);
- ocv_est_uv = vbat_uv + (ibat_ua * rbatt)/1000;
- calc_current_max(chip, ocv_est_uv, rbatt);
- pc_est = calculate_pc(chip, ocv_est_uv, batt_temp, last_chargecycles);
- soc_est = div_s64((s64)fcc_uah * pc_est - uuc_uah*100,
- (s64)fcc_uah - uuc_uah);
- soc_est = bound_soc(soc_est);
- /* never adjust during bms reset mode */
- if (bms_reset) {
- pr_debug("bms reset mode, SOC adjustment skipped\n");
- goto out;
- }
- if (ibat_ua < 0 && pm8921_is_batfet_closed()) {
- soc = charging_adjustments(chip, soc, vbat_uv, ibat_ua,
- batt_temp, chargecycles,
- fcc_uah, cc_uah, uuc_uah);
- goto out;
- }
- /*
- * do not adjust
- * if soc_est is same as what bms calculated
- * OR if soc_est > 15
- * OR if soc it is above 90 because we might pull it low
- * and cause a bad user experience
- */
- if (soc_est == soc
- || soc_est > 15
- || soc >= 90)
- goto out;
- if (last_soc_est == -EINVAL)
- last_soc_est = soc;
- n = min(200, max(1 , soc + soc_est + last_soc_est));
- /* remember the last soc_est in last_soc_est */
- last_soc_est = soc_est;
- pc = calculate_pc(chip, chip->last_ocv_uv,
- chip->last_ocv_temp_decidegc, last_chargecycles);
- if (pc > 0) {
- pc_new = calculate_pc(chip, chip->last_ocv_uv - (++m * 1000),
- chip->last_ocv_temp_decidegc,
- last_chargecycles);
- while (pc_new == pc) {
- /* start taking 10mV steps */
- m = m + 10;
- pc_new = calculate_pc(chip,
- chip->last_ocv_uv - (m * 1000),
- chip->last_ocv_temp_decidegc,
- last_chargecycles);
- }
- } else {
- /*
- * pc is already at the lowest point,
- * assume 1 millivolt translates to 1% pc
- */
- pc = 1;
- pc_new = 0;
- m = 1;
- }
- delta_ocv_uv = div_s64((soc - soc_est) * (s64)m * 1000,
- n * (pc - pc_new));
- if (abs(delta_ocv_uv) > delta_ocv_uv_limit) {
- pr_debug("limiting delta ocv %d limit = %d\n", delta_ocv_uv,
- delta_ocv_uv_limit);
- if (delta_ocv_uv > 0)
- delta_ocv_uv = delta_ocv_uv_limit;
- else
- delta_ocv_uv = -1 * delta_ocv_uv_limit;
- pr_debug("new delta ocv = %d\n", delta_ocv_uv);
- }
- if (wake_lock_active(&chip->low_voltage_wake_lock)) {
- pr_debug("Low Voltage, apply only ibat limited corrections\n");
- goto skip_limiting_corrections;
- }
- if (chip->last_ocv_uv > 3800000)
- correction_limit_uv = the_chip->high_ocv_correction_limit_uv;
- else
- correction_limit_uv = the_chip->low_ocv_correction_limit_uv;
- if (abs(delta_ocv_uv) > correction_limit_uv) {
- pr_debug("limiting delta ocv %d limit = %d\n", delta_ocv_uv,
- correction_limit_uv);
- if (delta_ocv_uv > 0)
- delta_ocv_uv = correction_limit_uv;
- else
- delta_ocv_uv = -1 * correction_limit_uv;
- pr_debug("new delta ocv = %d\n", delta_ocv_uv);
- }
- skip_limiting_corrections:
- chip->last_ocv_uv -= delta_ocv_uv;
- if (chip->last_ocv_uv >= chip->max_voltage_uv)
- chip->last_ocv_uv = chip->max_voltage_uv;
- /* calculate the soc based on this new ocv */
- pc_new = calculate_pc(chip, chip->last_ocv_uv,
- chip->last_ocv_temp_decidegc, last_chargecycles);
- rc_new_uah = (fcc_uah * pc_new) / 100;
- soc_new = (rc_new_uah - cc_uah - uuc_uah)*100 / (fcc_uah - uuc_uah);
- soc_new = bound_soc(soc_new);
- /*
- * if soc_new is ZERO force it higher so that phone doesnt report soc=0
- * soc = 0 should happen only when soc_est == 0
- */
- if (soc_new == 0 && soc_est >= the_chip->hold_soc_est)
- soc_new = 1;
- soc = soc_new;
- out:
- pr_debug("ibat_ua = %d, vbat_uv = %d, ocv_est_uv = %d, pc_est = %d, "
- "soc_est = %d, n = %d, delta_ocv_uv = %d, last_ocv_uv = %d, "
- "pc_new = %d, soc_new = %d, rbatt = %d, m = %d\n",
- ibat_ua, vbat_uv, ocv_est_uv, pc_est,
- soc_est, n, delta_ocv_uv, chip->last_ocv_uv,
- pc_new, soc_new, rbatt, m);
- return soc;
- }