文章目录

• 1, 动态映射：Dynamic mapping (动态确定字段类型，以第一个值为参照）
• 2, 显示映射：Explicit mapping (预先规定字段类型）
• 3, 使用kibana：可视化查看elasticsearch数据

1, 动态映射：Dynamic mapping (动态确定字段类型，以第一个值为参照）

Elasticsearch 默认不需要（事先建好索引，确定字段名和字段类型，然后才能添加数据），而是可以直接添加数据，并根据数值来动态确定字段类型https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/dynamic-field-mapping.html

• json(-string) int --> long
• json double --> float
• json boolean --> boolean
• json array --> 根据元素类型确定类型
• json object --> 嵌套的对象类型（内部字段类型按对应规则确定）
• json-string date-- > date : 默认格式为 yyyy-MM-dd 或 yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy/MM/dd||epoch_millis

示例如下：

# 1，添加一条数据（完成的动作：创建索引名，并根据kv对来确定字段和数值类型，然后添加数据）
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/test_dynamic_mapidx/_doc/1?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  
    "id":  1,
    "age":  "23",
    "name":  "name1",
    "is_rich_man":false,
    "salary":  13210.23,
    "birth_year":  "1992-01-02",
    "company": {"location":"bj", "house":"123123" },
    "hobby":["books","runngin","movie"],
    "family_member":[{
	"name":"lisi",
	"role":"son"
    },
    {
	"name":"xiaoli",
	"role":"wife",
	"age":33
    }]
}
'
# 2，查看索引的字段隐射结果
[root@hadoop01 ~]#  curl -X GET "192.168.56.1:9200/test_dynamic_mapidx/_mapping?pretty"
{
  "test_dynamic_mapidx" : {
    "mappings" : {
      "properties" : {
        "age" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "birth_year" : {
          "type" : "date"
        },
        "company" : {
          "properties" : {
            "house" : {
              "type" : "text",
              "fields" : {
                "keyword" : {
                  "type" : "keyword",
                  "ignore_above" : 256
                }
              }
            },
            "location" : {
              "type" : "text",
              "fields" : {
                "keyword" : {
                  "type" : "keyword",
                  "ignore_above" : 256
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "family_member" : {
          "properties" : {
            "age" : {
              "type" : "long"
            },
            "name" : {
              "type" : "text",
              "fields" : {
                "keyword" : {
                  "type" : "keyword",
                  "ignore_above" : 256
                }
              }
            },
            "role" : {
              "type" : "text",
              "fields" : {
                "keyword" : {
                  "type" : "keyword",
                  "ignore_above" : 256
                }
              }
            }
          }
        },
        "hobby" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "id" : {
          "type" : "long"
        },
        "is_rich_man" : {
          "type" : "boolean"
        },
        "name" : {
          "type" : "text",
          "fields" : {
            "keyword" : {
              "type" : "keyword",
              "ignore_above" : 256
            }
          }
        },
        "salary" : {
          "type" : "float"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

2, 显示映射：Explicit mapping (预先规定字段类型）

设计索引（名称+ 字段类型）：https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/indices-put-mapping.html

# 1，创建索引名
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/test_idx1?pretty"


# 2，更新已存在索引，添加字段和映射类型: date类型默认是yyyy-MM-dd 或 yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy/MM/dd||epoch_millis
#    text 类型适合用于 full-text搜索，keyword 类型适合用于排序/聚合： While text fields work well for full-text search, keyword fields are not analyzed and may work better for sorting or aggregations.
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/test_idx1/_mapping?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "properties": {
    "id":    { "type": "long"},
    "name":  { "type": "text"},
    "age":  { "type": "long"},
    "birth": {
	      "type": "date",
	      "format": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis",
	      "ignore_malformed": false,
	      "null_value": null
    }
  }
}
'

# 3，查看字段映射规则
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/test_idx1/_mapping?pretty"

# 4，添加数据
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/test_idx1/_doc/1?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  
    "id":  1,
    "name":  "name1",
    "age":  23,
    "birth":  "1992-01-02 09:01:10"
}
'

3, 使用kibana：可视化查看elasticsearch数据

kibana下载：https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/kibana

• 配置kibana.yml，并启动

server.host: "0.0.0.0"
elasticsearch.hosts: ["http://localhost:9200"]
# Supported languages are the following: English - en , by default , Chinese - zh-CN .
#i18n.locale: "en"

使用kinana查看elasticsearch数据 https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/kibana/current/discover.html