android 6.0 高通平台sensor 工作机制及流程(原创)

最近工作上有碰到sensor的相关问题,正好分析下其流程作个笔记。

这个笔记分三个部分:

  1. sensor硬件和驱动的工作机制
  2. sensor 上层app如何使用
  3. 从驱动到上层app这中间的流程是如何

Sensor硬件和驱动的工作机制

先看看Accerometer +Gyro Sensor的原理图:

android 6.0 高通平台sensor 工作机制及流程(原创)

总结起来分四个部分(电源,地,通信接口,中断脚)。电源和地与平台和芯片本身有关系,与我们分析的没有多少关系,根据sensor的特性保证sensor正常工作的上电时序。关于通信接口,sensor与ap之间通信一般有两种接口(I2C/SPI)。因sensor数据量不大,I2C的速度足矣,目前使用I2C的居多。SDA是I2C的数据线,SCL是I2C的clock线。关于中断脚就是INT。Sensor有两个工作模式。一种是主动上报数据(每时每刻将获取到的数据上报给系统),另个一种是中断模式(当数据的变化大于了之前设置的触发条件),比如手机翻转大于45度,就会将当前的变化及当前数据上报给系统。

Sensor上层app的使用

先要注册指定sensor的事件监听,然在在有事件上报上来时,获取上报的数据。

具体代码如下:

 1 SensorManager mSensorManager = (SensorManager)mContext.getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE);
2 Sensor mSensor = mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER);
3
4 mSensorManager.registerListener(mSensorListener, mSensor, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_GAME);
5 /*
6 public static final int SENSOR_DELAY_FASTEST = 0;
7 public static final int SENSOR_DELAY_GAME = 1;
8 public static final int SENSOR_DELAY_UI = 2;
9 public static final int SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL = 3;
10 上报的速度可以根据需求来选择
11 */
12
13 SensorEventListener mSensorListener = new SensorEventListener(){
14 public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor arg0, int arg1){
15 }
16
17 public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event){
18 if(event.sensor == null){
19 return;
20 }
21 Log.d(TAG, "onSensorChanged");
22 if(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER == event.sensor.getType()) {
23 mGsensor = (float)event.values[SensorManager.DATA_Z];
24 mSensorManager.unregisterListener(this);
25 Log.e(TAG, "mgsensor = " + mGsensor);
26 mOnSensorChangedFlag = false;
27 }
28 }
29 }

从驱动到上层App这中间的流程如何

前面二段分别说了驱动上报数据和app读取数据,但中间的流程是如何的呢,这个是此篇博客的重点了。

驱动层上报数据后,HAL层怎么处理呢?这个属于input hal层的接收和分发了。来,我们来啃啃这个骨头:

frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/SystemServiceRegistry.java

         registerService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE, SensorManager.class,
new CachedServiceFetcher<SensorManager>() {
@Override
public SensorManager createService(ContextImpl ctx) {
return new SystemSensorManager(ctx.getOuterContext(),
ctx.mMainThread.getHandler().getLooper());
}});
mContext.getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE) 返回的就是SystemSensorManager 的对象(也是继承SensorManager 类)。

frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/SensorManager.java
     public Sensor getDefaultSensor(int type) {
......................................................................
List<Sensor> l = getSensorList(type);
boolean wakeUpSensor = false; if (type == Sensor.TYPE_PROXIMITY || type == Sensor.TYPE_SIGNIFICANT_MOTION ||
type == Sensor.TYPE_TILT_DETECTOR || type == Sensor.TYPE_WAKE_GESTURE ||
type == Sensor.TYPE_GLANCE_GESTURE || type == Sensor.TYPE_PICK_UP_GESTURE ||
type == Sensor.TYPE_WRIST_TILT_GESTURE) {
wakeUpSensor = true;
}
//返回支持唤醒的sensor
for (Sensor sensor : l) {
if (sensor.isWakeUpSensor() == wakeUpSensor) return sensor;
}
}

我们再看看getSensorList这里面有啥玩意。。。。

    public List<Sensor> getSensorList(int type) {
.......................................................................
final List<Sensor> fullList = getFullSensorList();
//然后再种所有sensor中找出对应的sensor
for (Sensor i : fullList) {
if (i.getType() == type)
list.add(i);
}
return list;
getFullSensorList这个函数返回的是mFullSensorsList。
mFullSensorList是SystemSensorManager 遍历所有的sensor得到的集合。
下一步我们再来看看registerListener是怎么回事。
frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/SystemSensorManager.java
    protected boolean registerListenerImpl(SensorEventListener listener, Sensor sensor, int delayUs, Handler handler, int maxBatchReportLatencyUs, int reservedFlags) {
synchronized (mSensorListeners) {
//先查看下此sensor的监听队列是否已经存在,如果不存在,就重新new个
SensorEventQueue queue = mSensorListeners.get(listener);
if (queue == null) {
queue = new SensorEventQueue(listener, looper, this, fullClassName);
mSensorListeners.put(listener, queue);
return true;
} else {
return queue.addSensor(sensor, delayUs, maxBatchReportLatencyUs);
}

到这里就明显是一个消息队列回调的问题了,肯定是发现消息队列里有消息时就会回调具体的事件。我们继续撸代码。

static final class SensorEventQueue extends BaseEventQueue {
protected void dispatchSensorEvent(int handle, float[] values, int inAccuracy,
long timestamp) {
......................................................
// call onAccuracyChanged() only if the value changes
final int accuracy = mSensorAccuracies.get(handle);
if ((t.accuracy >= ) && (accuracy != t.accuracy)) {
mSensorAccuracies.put(handle, t.accuracy);
mListener.onAccuracyChanged(t.sensor, t.accuracy);
}
mListener.onSensorChanged(t);
}
}

从这里就可以看我们listener里实现的onAccuracyChanged,onSensorChanged是怎么被调用。

frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/SensorEventListener.java

public interface SensorEventListener {
public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event);
public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor sensor, int accuracy);

就是一个接口,里面声明两个函数。

看到回调是在dispatchSensorEvent里做的,看看是谁调用的。。。

frameworks/base/core/jni/android_hardware_SensorManager.cpp

class Receiver : public LooperCallback {
virtual int handleEvent(int fd, int events, void* data) { ASensorEvent buffer[];
while ((n = q->read(buffer, )) > ) {
for (int i= ; i<n ; i++) {
if (buffer[i].type == SENSOR_TYPE_META_DATA) {
// This is a flush complete sensor event. Call dispatchFlushCompleteEvent
// method.
if (receiverObj.get()) {
env->CallVoidMethod(receiverObj.get(),
gBaseEventQueueClassInfo.dispatchFlushCompleteEvent,
buffer[i].meta_data.sensor);
}
} else {
if (receiverObj.get()) {
env->CallVoidMethod(receiverObj.get(),
gBaseEventQueueClassInfo.dispatchSensorEvent,
buffer[i].sensor,
mScratch,
status,
buffer[i].timestamp);
} }
}
}
}

读到的数据,根据数据的类型去回调不同的接口。dispatchSensorEvent就是在这里被调用的。

handleEvent这个是一个典型的eventQueue这事件处理,具体就不在这里分析了。

 回调这些都有分析了,那事件是哪里加入到消息队列中的,那些消息又是怎么来的呢,话说问题问对了,就能找到往下查的路了。。哈哈


理论这些肯定会有sensor服务在开机的时候启动的,那服务在哪里,是怎么启动的呢。。。

frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java

private void startBootstrapServices() {
...................................................
startSensorService();
}

这个startSensorService是个jni函数,调用的是:

frameworks/base/services/core/jni/com_android_server_SystemServer.cpp

static void android_server_SystemServer_startSensorService(JNIEnv* /* env */, jobject /* clazz */) {
//创建一个线程做sensorinit的工作
pthread_create( &sensor_init_thread, NULL, &sensorInit, NULL);
} void* sensorInit(void *arg) {
SensorService::instantiate();

sensorService服务就做初始化了,服务启动时会做threadLoop(),

bool SensorService::threadLoop()
{
ALOGD("nuSensorService thread starting..."); const size_t minBufferSize = SensorEventQueue::MAX_RECEIVE_BUFFER_EVENT_COUNT;
const size_t numEventMax = minBufferSize / ( + mVirtualSensorList.size()); //device初始化
SensorDevice& device(SensorDevice::getInstance());
const size_t vcount = mVirtualSensorList.size(); const int halVersion = device.getHalDeviceVersion();
do {
//调用device.poll
ssize_t count = device.poll(mSensorEventBuffer, numEventMax);
if (count < ) {
ALOGE("sensor poll failed (%s)", strerror(-count));
break;
}
}

再看看SensorDevice 里初始化和poll里做了啥 :

SensorDevice::SensorDevice()
: mSensorDevice(),
mSensorModule()
{
  //get HAL module
status_t err = hw_get_module(SENSORS_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID,
(hw_module_t const**)&mSensorModule); ALOGE_IF(err, "couldn't load %s module (%s)",
SENSORS_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID, strerror(-err)); if (mSensorModule) {
     //open HAL module
err = sensors_open_1(&mSensorModule->common, &mSensorDevice);
...................................................
}

SensorDevice初始化做了两个动作,一个是获取sensor HAL module,紧接着打开sensor hal module。

再一起看年poll里做啥了,

ssize_t SensorDevice::poll(sensors_event_t* buffer, size_t count) {
if (!mSensorDevice) return NO_INIT;
ssize_t c;
do {
c = mSensorDevice->poll(reinterpret_cast<struct sensors_poll_device_t *> (mSensorDevice),
buffer, count);
} while (c == -EINTR);
return c;
}

poll也是调用 的是Hal module里的poll。

那sensor HAL里做了啥呢,模块做了啥呢?

sensor hal路径:hardware/libhardware/modules/sensors/

hardware/libhardware/modules/sensors/multihal.cpp

 static int open_sensors(const struct hw_module_t* hw_module, const char* name,
struct hw_device_t** hw_device_out) {
ALOGV("open_sensors begin...");
//初始化加载高通的库
lazy_init_modules(); // Create proxy device, to return later.
sensors_poll_context_t *dev = new sensors_poll_context_t();
memset(dev, , sizeof(sensors_poll_device_1_t));
dev->proxy_device.common.tag = HARDWARE_DEVICE_TAG;
dev->proxy_device.common.version = SENSORS_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_3;
dev->proxy_device.common.module = const_cast<hw_module_t*>(hw_module);
dev->proxy_device.common.close = device__close;
dev->proxy_device.activate = device__activate;
dev->proxy_device.setDelay = device__setDelay;
dev->proxy_device.poll = device__poll;
dev->proxy_device.batch = device__batch;
dev->proxy_device.flush = device__flush;
.......................................
}

我们看看lazy_init_modules()这个,是把指定的的hal so加载起来。。

 /*
482 * Ensures that the sub-module array is initialized.
483 * This can be first called from get_sensors_list or from open_sensors.
484 */
static void lazy_init_modules() {
pthread_mutex_lock(&init_modules_mutex);
if (sub_hw_modules != NULL) {
pthread_mutex_unlock(&init_modules_mutex);
return;
}
std::vector<std::string> *so_paths = new std::vector<std::string>();
/*
482 * Ensures that the sub-module array is initialized.
483 * This can be first called from get_sensors_list or from open_sensors.
484 */
static void lazy_init_modules() {
pthread_mutex_lock(&init_modules_mutex);
if (sub_hw_modules != NULL) {
pthread_mutex_unlock(&init_modules_mutex);
return;
}
std::vector<std::string> *so_paths = new std::vector<std::string>();
get_so_paths(so_paths); // dlopen the module files and cache their module symbols in sub_hw_modules
sub_hw_modules = new std::vector<hw_module_t *>();
dlerror(); // clear any old errors
const char* sym = HAL_MODULE_INFO_SYM_AS_STR;
for (std::vector<std::string>::iterator it = so_paths->begin(); it != so_paths->end(); it++) {
const char* path = it->c_str();
void* lib_handle = dlopen(path, RTLD_LAZY);
if (lib_handle == NULL) {
ALOGW("dlerror(): %s", dlerror());
} else {
ALOGI("Loaded library from %s", path);
ALOGV("Opening symbol \"%s\"", sym);
// clear old errors
dlerror();
struct hw_module_t* module = (hw_module_t*) dlsym(lib_handle, sym);
const char* error;
if ((error = dlerror()) != NULL) {
ALOGW("Error calling dlsym: %s", error);
} else if (module == NULL) {
ALOGW("module == NULL");
} else {
ALOGV("Loaded symbols from \"%s\"", sym);
sub_hw_modules->push_back(module);
}
}
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&init_modules_mutex);
}
//获取的要加载so库的路径:/system/etc/sensors/hals.conf
get_so_paths(so_paths); // dlopen the module files and cache their module symbols in sub_hw_modules
sub_hw_modules = new std::vector<hw_module_t *>();
dlerror(); // clear any old errors
const char* sym = HAL_MODULE_INFO_SYM_AS_STR;
for (std::vector<std::string>::iterator it = so_paths->begin(); it != so_paths->end(); it++) {
const char* path = it->c_str();
void* lib_handle = dlopen(path, RTLD_LAZY);
if (lib_handle == NULL) {
ALOGW("dlerror(): %s", dlerror());
} else {
ALOGI("Loaded library from %s", path);
ALOGV("Opening symbol \"%s\"", sym);
// clear old errors
dlerror();
struct hw_module_t* module = (hw_module_t*) dlsym(lib_handle, sym);
const char* error;
if ((error = dlerror()) != NULL) {
ALOGW("Error calling dlsym: %s", error);
} else if (module == NULL) {
ALOGW("module == NULL");
} else {
ALOGV("Loaded symbols from \"%s\"", sym);
sub_hw_modules->push_back(module);
}
}
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&init_modules_mutex);
}

这个路径下就一个库:sensors.ssc.so

再来看看poll看名字就能猜到是从数据队列里等数据,看代码:

 int sensors_poll_context_t::poll(sensors_event_t *data, int maxReads) {
ALOGV("poll");
int empties = ;
int queueCount = ;
int eventsRead = ; pthread_mutex_lock(&queue_mutex);
queueCount = (int)this->queues.size();
while (eventsRead == ) {
while (empties < queueCount && eventsRead < maxReads) {
SensorEventQueue* queue = this->queues.at(this->nextReadIndex);
sensors_event_t* event = queue->peek();

确实是消息队列。。。

再来年看看加载的so库这个是高通的sensor hal库。

代码路径:vendor/qcom/proprietary/sensors/dsps/libhalsensors

看先从哪里插入数据的:

vendor/qcom/proprietary/sensors/dsps/libhalsensors/src/Utility.cpp

bool Utility::insertQueue(sensors_event_t const *data_ptr){
..........................
if (q_head_ptr == NULL) {
/* queue is empty */
q_tail_ptr = q_ptr;
q_head_ptr = q_ptr;
} else {
/* append to tail and update tail ptr */
q_tail_ptr->next = q_ptr;
q_tail_ptr = q_ptr;
}
}

那看调用的有哪些呢?

Orientation.cpp (src): if (Utility::insertQueue(&la_sample)) {
PedestrianActivityMonitor.cpp (src): if (Utility::insertQueue(&sensor_data)) {
Pedometer.cpp (src): if (Utility::insertQueue(&la_sample)) {
PickUpGesture.cpp (src): if (Utility::insertQueue(&sensor_data)) {
QHeart.cpp (src): if (Utility::insertQueue(&la_sample)) {
RelativeMotionDetector.cpp (src): if (Utility::insertQueue(&sensor_data)) {
RotationVector.cpp (src): if (Utility::insertQueue(&la_sample)) {
Sensor.cpp (src): if (Utility::insertQueue(&flush_evt)){

....................................................................

都在各类sensor的processInd 这个函数中,每种sensor类型根据自身数据的特点,对其做数据结构做指定封装。也就是所谓的工厂模式。

有一个调用比较特别:SMGRSensor.cpp 中processReportInd函数,这个函数中

void SMGRSensor::processReportInd(Sensor** mSensors, sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind){
...............................
handle = getHandleFromInd(smgr_ind->ReportId, smgr_data->DataType,
smgr_data->SensorId);
if (handle == - ) {
HAL_LOG_ERROR(" %s: ReportId = %d DataType = %d SensorId = %d ", __FUNCTION__,
smgr_ind->ReportId, smgr_data->DataType, smgr_data->SensorId);
goto error;
}
/* Corresponds to screen orientation req, fill in the right type */
if ((handle == HANDLE_ACCELERATION) && (smgr_ind->ReportId == HANDLE_MOTION_ACCEL)) {
sensor_data.type = SENSOR_TYPE_SCREEN_ORIENTATION;
sensor_data.sensor = HANDLE_MOTION_ACCEL;
} if (mSensors[handle] != NULL) {
(static_cast<SMGRSensor*>(mSensors[handle]))->processReportInd(smgr_ind, smgr_data, sensor_data);
}
................................
if (Utility::insertQueue(&sensor_data)) {
Utility::signalInd(data_cb);
}
}

这里根据smgr_data->DataType又做了一次工厂模式的分发处理:

GyroscopeUncalibrated.cpp (src):  FUNCTION:  processReportInd
GyroscopeUncalibrated.cpp (src):void GyroscopeUncalibrated::processReportInd(
GyroscopeUncalibrated.cpp (src): HAL_LOG_DEBUG("GyroscopeUncalibrated::processReportInd");
GyroscopeUncalibrated.h (inc): FUNCTION: processReportInd
GyroscopeUncalibrated.h (inc): void processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind,
HallEffect.cpp (src): FUNCTION: processReportInd
HallEffect.cpp (src):void HallEffect::processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind,
HallEffect.h (inc): FUNCTION: processReportInd
HallEffect.h (inc): void processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind,
Humidity.cpp (src): FUNCTION: processReportInd
Humidity.cpp (src):void Humidity::processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind,
Humidity.h (inc): FUNCTION: processReportInd
Humidity.h (inc): void processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind,
IRGesture.cpp (src): FUNCTION: processReportInd
IRGesture.cpp (src):void IRGesture::processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind,
IRGesture.h (inc): FUNCTION: processReportInd
IRGesture.h (inc): void processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind,
Light.cpp (src): FUNCTION: processReportInd
Light.cpp (src):void Light::processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind,
Light.h (inc): FUNCTION: processReportInd
Light.h (inc): void processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind,
Magnetic.cpp (src): FUNCTION: processReportInd
Magnetic.cpp (src):void Magnetic::processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind,
Magnetic.h (inc): FUNCTION: processReportInd
Magnetic.h (inc): void processReportInd(sns_smgr_periodic_report_ind_msg_v01* smgr_ind
又是根据类型不同,做了另一批类型sensor的处理。
继续反向推导,processReportInd其它这个也是processBufferingInd 调用的,processBufferingInd也是processInd 调用的。这就和其它的sensor到统一战线上了。都是processInd处理的。
关键就是这processInd了,这个是一个回调SMGRSensor_sensor1_cb函数里处理的。那这个回调是谁注册,又是什么调用的呢?
vendor/qcom/proprietary/sensors/dsps/libhalsensors/src/SensorsContext.cpp
这个里面会在SensorContext实例化时注册。
SensorsContext::SensorsContext()
: active_sensors(),
is_accel_available(false),
is_gyro_available(false),
is_mag_available(false),
is_prox_available(false),
smgr_version()
{
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 err = sensor1_open(&sensor_info_sensor1_cb->sensor1_handle, &context_sensor1_cb, (intptr_t)this);
。。。。。。。。。
}

那得去撸代码啊,不然不知道啥时候回调context_sensor1_cb这个函数啊。。。

这个函数在另一个库中了libsensor1。。

这个函数做的事情比较多,分三部分:

sensor1_open( sensor1_handle_s **hndl,
sensor1_notify_data_cb_t data_cbf,
intptr_t cb_data )
{
.........................
sensor1_init();
............................
sockfd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET, ))
strlcpy(address.sun_path, SENSOR_CTL_SOCKET, UNIX_PATH_MAX);
connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, len)
.....................................
libsensor_add_waiting_client(&cli_data);
libsensor_add_client( &new_cli, false )
.....................................
}

那第一步先看看sensor1_init做了啥?

android 6.0 高通平台sensor 工作机制及流程(原创)

相当于创建了一个读线程,一直在poll读消息队列里的消息,读到消息后,会封装数据,然后发一个信息去唤醒另外一个线程,唤醒的线程后面再说。

第二步再看看,创建了一个socket(一个客户端socket),去连接服务端的socket(服务端的socket又是什么东东),上个读线程读到的消息就是从socket读到的消息(libsensor_read_socket),那一定是服务端socket发送过来的嘛。。。

第三步增加client,再看看这个又做了啥?

android 6.0 高通平台sensor 工作机制及流程(原创)

这里又创建了一个回调线程,等有消息来时,唤醒本线程,然后回调sensor.ssc.库里的context_sensor1_cb。这个线程就谁唤醒的呢,哈哈,大家就能想到就是init中的那个读线程嘛。

总结sensor1_open就是创建一个读线程从socket客户端中读数据,读到数据后,就回调sensor.ssc库中的context_sensor1_cb,进而上报数据做进一步回调。

那问题来了,那个socket服务端又是怎么回事呢。。。慢慢接近真相了。。。。


这时又出现了一个服务SensorDaemon:

代码路径:vendor/qcom/proprietary/sensors/dsps/sensordaemon

android 6.0 高通平台sensor 工作机制及流程(原创)

sns_main_setup 里创建了socket服务器端,然后监听客户端socket的监听,那什么时候往socket里写东西呢?

这就涉及另一个回调函数了sns_main_notify_cb。这个回调函数则好就是sensor1_open里注册的。这个sensor1_open 与 libsensor1里的sensor1_open不是同一个。

ok,那问题又来了,啥时候做的回调,和之前很类似,有一个读线程,初始化后处理polling状态,当收到消息时,就回调这个回调函数。

android 6.0 高通平台sensor 工作机制及流程(原创)

这个读线程的数据是从哪里来的呢,这就涉及到QMI service了。QMI service这部分代码就不是AP这边了,此份代码就在modem的adsp代码中了。

找时间再来续modem这边的adsp。

 

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