报错：

Could not find libavformat with pkg-config.
    Could not find libavcodec with pkg-config.
    Could not find libavdevice with pkg-config.
    Could not find libavutil with pkg-config.
    Could not find libavfilter with pkg-config.
    Could not find libswscale with pkg-config.
    Could not find libswresample with pkg-config.

解决方法：

sudo apt-get install -y python-dev python-virtualenv pkg-config
sudo sudo apt-get install -y \
    libavformat-dev libavcodec-dev libavdevice-dev \
    libavutil-dev libswscale-dev libavresample-dev
git clone https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV.git
cd PyAV
pip install Cython
python setup.py build

参考链接：

https://github.com/PyAV-Org/PyAV/issues/105