给定一个64位(8字节)的little-endian ArrayBuffer字节,我们如何在JavaScript中读取64位整数值？

我进行了实验并想出了这个,但是有一个更优雅的解决方案,因为DataView还没有提供getUint64()吗？

const bytes = new Uint8Array([ 0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,   0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff ]);
//                             [-----  left  -----]   [----  right  ----] 

const view = new DataView(bytes.buffer);

// split 64-bit number into two 32-bit numbers
const left = view.getUint32(0, true);  // 4294967295
const right = view.getUint32(4, true); // 4294967295

// combine the 2 32-bit numbers using max 32-bit val 0xffffffff
const combined = left + 2**32*right;

console.log('combined', combined);
// 18,446,744,073,709,552,000  is returned Javascript for "combined"
// 18,446,744,073,709,551,615  is max uint64 value
// some precision is lost since JS doesn't support 64-bit ints, but it's close enough

解决方法:

基于原始实验和Sebastian Speitel的建议/修复,此函数返回64位值,直到Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER之后精度丢失

DataView.prototype.getUint64 = function(byteOffset, littleEndian) {
  // split 64-bit number into two 32-bit parts
  const left =  this.getUint32(byteOffset, littleEndian);
  const right = this.getUint32(byteOffset+4, littleEndian);

  // combine the two 32-bit values
  const combined = littleEndian? left + 2**32*right : 2**32*left + right;

  if (!Number.isSafeInteger(combined))
    console.warn(combined, 'exceeds MAX_SAFE_INTEGER. Precision may be lost');

  return combined;
}

测试如下：

// [byteArray, littleEndian, expectedValue]
const testValues = [
  // big-endian
  [new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff]),  false, 255], 
  [new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff]),  false, 65535],
  [new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff]),  false, 4294967295],
  [new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]),  false, 4294967296],
  [new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x1f, 0xff, 0xff,  0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff]),  false, 9007199254740991], // maximum precision
  [new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00,  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]),  false, 9007199254740992], // precision lost
  [new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00,  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01]),  false, 9007199254740992], // precision lost

  // little-endian
  [new Uint8Array([0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]),  true, 255], 
  [new Uint8Array([0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00,  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]),  true, 65535],
  [new Uint8Array([0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,  0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]),  true, 4294967295],
  [new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]),  true, 4294967296],
  [new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00]),  true, 1099511627776],
  [new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,  0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00]),  true, 281474976710656],
  [new Uint8Array([0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,  0xff, 0xff, 0x1f, 0x00]),  true, 9007199254740991], // maximum precision
];

testValues.forEach(testGetUint64);

function testGetUint64([bytes, littleEndian, expectedValue]) {
  const val = new DataView(bytes.buffer).getUint64(0, littleEndian);
  console.log(val === expectedValue? 'pass' : 'FAIL. expected '+expectedValue+', received '+val);
}