dynamic-load-apk插件原理整理

  因为当前项目功能越来越多,编译速度越来越慢(公司电脑配置也挺差的...),并且方法数已超出65535的限制了,虽然通过multidex暂时解决了,但是这并不是一个好的解决方式。所以通过插件来加快编译速度以及解决方法数的限制,算是一个越来越重要的任务了,工作中还有很多新需求,所以趁放假的2天研究了下现在比较流行的插件框架dynamic-load-apk,并整理了下。

框架github地址:https://github.com/singwhatiwanna/dynamic-load-apk

lib module的svn地址:https://github.com/singwhatiwanna/dynamic-load-apk/trunk/DynamicLoadApk/lib

一、加载apk总流程:

//插件文件
File plugin = new File(apkPath);
PluginItem item = new PluginItem();
//插件文件路径
item.pluginPath = plugin.getAbsolutePath();
//PackageInfo = PackageManager.getPackageArchiveInfo
item.packageInfo = DLUtils.getPackageInfo(this, item.pluginPath);
//launcherActivity
if (item.packageInfo.activities != null && item.packageInfo.activities.length > 0) {
item.launcherActivityName = item.packageInfo.activities[0].name;
}
//launcherService
if (item.packageInfo.services != null && item.packageInfo.services.length > 0) {
item.launcherServiceName = item.packageInfo.services[0].name;
}
//加载apk信息
DLPluginManager.getInstance(this).loadApk(item.pluginPath);

二、loadApk信息过程:
1、createDexClassLoader:

private DexClassLoader createDexClassLoader(String dexPath) {
dexOutputPath = mContext.getDir("dex", Context.MODE_PRIVATE).getAbsolutePath();
DexClassLoader loader = new DexClassLoader(dexPath,
dexOutputPath, //getDir("dex", Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
mNativeLibDir, //optimizedDirectory=getDir("pluginlib", Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
mContext.getClassLoader()); //host.Appliceation.getClassLoader()
return loader;
}

2、createAssetManager:

private AssetManager createAssetManager(String dexPath) {
try {
AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();
//通过反射调用addAssetPath方法,将apk资源加载到AssetManager
Method addAssetPath = assetManager.getClass().getMethod("addAssetPath", String.class);
addAssetPath.invoke(assetManager, dexPath);
return assetManager;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}

后面会重写DLProxyActivity的getAssets()方法,返回此处生成的AssetManager,从而实现从插件apk加载资源:

@Override
public AssetManager getAssets() {
return impl.getAssets() == null ? super.getAssets() : impl.getAssets();
}

3、createResources:

private Resources createResources(AssetManager assetManager) {
//通过刚创建的assetManager以及宿主程序的Resources创建Plugin的Resources
Resources superRes = mContext.getResources();
Resources resources = new Resources(assetManager,
superRes.getDisplayMetrics(),
superRes.getConfiguration());
return resources;
}

后面会重写DLProxyActivity的getResources()方法,返回此处生成的Resources,从而实现从插件apk加载资源:

@Override
public Resources getResources() {
return impl.getResources() == null ? super.getResources() : impl.getResources();
}

4、创建pluginPackage并通过插件的packageName保存插件信息:
pluginPackage = new DLPluginPackage(dexClassLoader, resources, packageInfo);
mPackagesHolder.put(packageInfo.packageName, pluginPackage);

5、copySoLib(拷贝so文件到应用的pluginlib目录下):
SoLibManager.getSoLoader().copyPluginSoLib(mContext, dexPath, mNativeLibDir);

三、调用插件:
1、要向插件Intent传递可序列化对象,必须通过DLIntent,设置Bundle的ClassLoader:

@Override
public Intent putExtra(String name, Parcelable value) {
setupExtraClassLoader(value);
return super.putExtra(name, value);
}
@Override
public Intent putExtra(String name, Serializable value) {
setupExtraClassLoader(value);
return super.putExtra(name, value);
}
private void setupExtraClassLoader(Object value) {
ClassLoader pluginLoader = value.getClass().getClassLoader();
DLConfigs.sPluginClassloader = pluginLoader;
setExtrasClassLoader(pluginLoader); //设置Bundle的ClassLoader
}

2、startPluginActivity:
插件內部的activity之间相互调用,需要使用此方法。

public int startPluginActivityForResult(Context context, DLIntent dlIntent, int requestCode) {
if (mFrom == DLConstants.FROM_INTERNAL) {
dlIntent.setClassName(context, dlIntent.getPluginClass());
performStartActivityForResult(context, dlIntent, requestCode);
return DLPluginManager.START_RESULT_SUCCESS;
}
String packageName = dlIntent.getPluginPackage();
//验证intent的包名
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName)) {
throw new NullPointerException("disallow null packageName.");
}
//检测插件是否加载
DLPluginPackage pluginPackage = mPackagesHolder.get(packageName);
if (pluginPackage == null) {
return START_RESULT_NO_PKG;
}
//要调用的插件Activity的class完整路径
final String className = getPluginActivityFullPath(dlIntent, pluginPackage);
//Class.forName
Class<?> clazz = loadPluginClass(pluginPackage.classLoader, className);
if (clazz == null) {
return START_RESULT_NO_CLASS;
}
//获取代理Activity的class,DLProxyActivity/DLProxyFragmentActivity
Class<? extends Activity> proxyActivityClass = getProxyActivityClass(clazz);
if (proxyActivityClass == null) {
return START_RESULT_TYPE_ERROR;
}
//put extra data
dlIntent.putExtra(DLConstants.EXTRA_CLASS, className);
dlIntent.putExtra(DLConstants.EXTRA_PACKAGE, packageName);
dlIntent.setClass(mContext, proxyActivityClass);
//通过context启动宿主Activity
performStartActivityForResult(context, dlIntent, requestCode);
return START_RESULT_SUCCESS;
}

四、Activity生命周期的管理:
插件apk中的activity其实就是一个普通的对象,不是真正意义上的activity(没有在宿主程序中注册且没有完全初始化),不具有activity的性质,因为系统启动activity是要做很多初始化工作的,而我们在应用层通过反射去启动activity是很难完成系统所做的初始化工作的,所以activity的大部分特性都无法使用包括activity的生命周期管理,这就需要我们自己去管理。
DL采用了接口机制,将activity的大部分生命周期方法提取出来作为一个接口(DLPlugin),然后通过代理activity(DLProxyActivity)去调用插件activity实现的生命周期方法,这样就完成了插件activity的生命周期管理,并且没有采用反射,当我们想增加一个新的生命周期方法的时候,只需要在接口中声明一下同时在代理activity中实现一下即可。

public interface DLPlugin {
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState);
public void onStart();
public void onRestart();
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data);
public void onResume();
public void onPause();
public void onStop();
public void onDestroy();
public void attach(Activity proxyActivity, DLPluginPackage pluginPackage);
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState);
public void onNewIntent(Intent intent);
public void onRestoreInstanceState(Bundle savedInstanceState);
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event);
public boolean onKeyUp(int keyCode, KeyEvent event);
public void onWindowAttributesChanged(LayoutParams params);
public void onWindowFocusChanged(boolean hasFocus);
public void onBackPressed();
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu);
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item);
}

DLBasePluginActivity的部分实现:

public class DLBasePluginActivity extends Activity implements DLPlugin {
/**
* 代理activity,可以当作Context来使用,会根据需要来决定是否指向this
*/
protected Activity mProxyActivity;
/**
* 等同于mProxyActivity,可以当作Context来使用,会根据需要来决定是否指向this<br/>
* 替代this来使用(应为this指向的是插件中的Activity,已经不是常规意义上的activity,所以this是没有意义的)
* 如果是DLPlugin中已经覆盖的Activity的方法,就不需使用that了,直接调用this即可
*/
protected Activity that;
protected DLPluginManager mPluginManager;
protected DLPluginPackage mPluginPackage;
protected int mFrom = DLConstants.FROM_INTERNAL;
@Override
public void attach(Activity proxyActivity, DLPluginPackage pluginPackage) {
mProxyActivity = (Activity) proxyActivity;
that = mProxyActivity;
mPluginPackage = pluginPackage;
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
if (savedInstanceState != null) {
mFrom = savedInstanceState.getInt(DLConstants.FROM, DLConstants.FROM_INTERNAL);
}
if (mFrom == DLConstants.FROM_INTERNAL) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mProxyActivity = this;
that = mProxyActivity;
}
mPluginManager = DLPluginManager.getInstance(that);
}
@Override
public void setContentView(View view) {
if (mFrom == DLConstants.FROM_INTERNAL) {
super.setContentView(view);
} else {
mProxyActivity.setContentView(view);
}
}
......
}

在代理类DLProxyActivity中的实现:

public class DLProxyActivity extends Activity implements DLAttachable {
protected DLPlugin mRemoteActivity;
private DLProxyImpl impl = new DLProxyImpl(this);
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
impl.onCreate(getIntent());
}
@Override
public void attach(DLPlugin remoteActivity, DLPluginManager pluginManager) {
mRemoteActivity = remoteActivity;
}
@Override
public AssetManager getAssets() {
return impl.getAssets() == null ? super.getAssets() : impl.getAssets();
}
@Override
public Resources getResources() {
return impl.getResources() == null ? super.getResources() : impl.getResources();
}
@Override
public Theme getTheme() {
return impl.getTheme() == null ? super.getTheme() : impl.getTheme();
}
@Override
public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
return impl.getClassLoader();
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
mRemoteActivity.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
}
@Override
protected void onStart() {
mRemoteActivity.onStart();
super.onStart();
}
......
}

总结:

插件主要的2个问题就是资源加载以及Activity生命周期的管理。

资源加载:

通过反射调用AssetManager的addAssetPath方法,我们可以将一个插件apk中的资源加载到AssetManager中,然后再通过AssetManager来创建一个新的Resources对象,然后就可以通过这个Resources对象来访问插件apk中的资源了。

Activity生命周期管理:

采用接口机制,将activity的大部分生命周期方法提取出来作为一个接口(DLPlugin),然后通过代理activity(DLProxyActivity)去调用插件activity实现的生命周期方法,这样就完成了插件activity的生命周期管理。

另外,一个需要注意的地方:

插件项目引用 android-support-v4.jar、lib.jar等libs,生成apk时不能将这些打包到apk,只在编译时引用,只有host项目里才编译并打包,保证host以及插件中的代码只有一份。

在studio里面使用provided而非compile:

dependencies {
  provided files('provide-jars/android-support-v4.jar')
  provided files('provide-jars/lib.jar')
}

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