这里以车站售票作为模拟场景，多个票务人员同时出售某一列高铁（G250？）的车票，售票的基本保证有2点：
1、不能售出多于预定限额的车票。
2、不能售出具有相同座位的车票。
初学java，有不当的地方各位看官请指教~
代码如下：
package threadjava;
public class ThreadTest4 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO 自动生成的方法存根
//限定总票数为100张
Seller seller = new Seller(100);
//开放三个窗口售票
Worker w1 = new Worker(seller);
Worker w2 = new Worker(seller);
Worker w3 = new Worker(seller);
}
}
//打印车票的机器，作为服务端可连接多个客户端运行使用
class Seller {
private int[] tickets;
private int sold_line;
public Seller(int ticket_total) {
this.tickets = getTickets(ticket_total);
this.sold_line = ticket_total;
}
//该方法是个独占性方法，即同一时刻只允许一个线程调用
//也是java多线程进行同步操作的主要实现部分
public synchronized int sell() {
if(this.sold_line != 0){
int ticket_pos = (int)(Math.random()*this.sold_line);
int ticket = this.tickets[ticket_pos];
this.sold_line = this.sold_line - 1;
swap(this.tickets, ticket_pos, this.sold_line);
return ticket;
}else{
return -1;
}
}
private static void swap(int[] a, int x, int y){
int temp = a[x];
a[x] = a[y];
a[y] = temp;
}
private static void shfulle(int[] a) {
int x, y;
for(x=0; x<a.length; x++){
y = (int)(Math.random() * (x+1));
swap(a, x, y);
}
}
private static int[] getTickets(int total){
int i;
int[] a = new int[total];
for(i=0; i<total; i++){
a[i] = i;
}
shfulle(a);
return a;
}
}
//售票人员，被激活后就立即开始售票。哈哈，真是敬业~
class Worker extends Thread {
private static int threadID = 0;
private Seller tickor;
public Worker(Seller seller) {
super("Ticket Seller NO." + (++threadID));
this.tickor = seller;
this.start();
}
public void run() {
while(true){
int ticket = this.tickor.sell();
if(ticket == -1){
System.out.println(this.getName() + ", sold out.");
break;
}else{
System.out.println(this.getName() + ", get ticket:" + ticket);
}
}
}
}
出票结果：
Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:59 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:41 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:67 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:63 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:87 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:23 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:80 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:36 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:20 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:9 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:6 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:81 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:82 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:38 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:19 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:26 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:1 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:84 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:51 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:89 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:31 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:2 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:34 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:78 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:11 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:83 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:73 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:61 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:56 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:68 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:16 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:48 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:18 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:4 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:49 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:53 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:85 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:13 Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:57 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:93 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:42 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:46 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:44 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:58 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:70 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:33 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:76 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:47 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:92 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:55 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:75 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:96 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:77 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:45 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:28 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:88 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:72 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:8 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:10 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:62 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:24 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:86 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:97 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:5 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:21 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:0 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:7 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:22 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:54 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:98 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:95 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:52 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:66 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:3 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:50 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:27 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:40 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:74 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:25 Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:91 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:94 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:71 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:65 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:60 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:29 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:35 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:90 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:43 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:39 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:69 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:37 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:14 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:99 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:32 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:12 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:64 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:30 Ticket Seller NO.3, get ticket:79 Ticket Seller NO.3, sold out. Ticket Seller NO.1, get ticket:15 Ticket Seller NO.1, sold out. Ticket Seller NO.2, get ticket:17 Ticket Seller NO.2, sold out.
参考文章：http://www.cnblogs.com/vamei/archive/2013/04/15/3000898.html