MaC MySQL教程,一行一行代码基础学习

学习目标:

1.一个月学会MySQL的基本操作
2.完成第1个目标


Mac MySQL的基本操作(命令):

1、 连接MySQL数据库

首先打开终端,输入:

/usr/local/MySQL/bin/mysql -u root -p

会出现输入密码的界面:输入密码(不考虑密码忘了的情况)

Enter password: 

出现下面代码,MySQL连接成功

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 24
Server version: 8.0.22 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

2、 查看MySQL有哪些数据库

输入:记住分号是英文!!

mysql> show databases;

显示如下:默认有四个数据库(Logistics 是我自己的数据库,不用管)

+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| Logistics          |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3、 使用某一个数据库

假设使用mysql数据库

mysql> use mysql;

显示:

Database changed
mysql> 

4、 创建一个数据库

创建一个叫pjpowernote的数据库

mysql> create database bjpowernote;

显示:

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| bjpowernote        |
| information_schema |
| Logistics          |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+

5、 查看数据库下有哪些表

提示:数据库是由一个一个表组成的,表用来存储数据。

mysql> show tables;

显示:(此处显示的是mysql数据库中的表,自带的)

+----------------------------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql                              |
+----------------------------------------------+
| columns_priv                                 |
| component                                    |
| db                                           |
| default_roles                                |
| engine_cost                                  |
| func                                         |
| general_log                                  |
| global_grants                                |
| gtid_executed                                |
| help_category                                |
| help_keyword                                 |
| help_relation                                |
| help_topic                                   |
| innodb_index_stats                           |
| innodb_table_stats                           |
| password_history                             |
| plugin                                       |
| procs_priv                                   |
| proxies_priv                                 |
| replication_asynchronous_connection_failover |
| role_edges                                   |
| server_cost                                  |
| servers                                      |
| slave_master_info                            |
| slave_relay_log_info                         |
| slave_worker_info                            |
| slow_log                                     |
| tables_priv                                  |
| time_zone                                    |
| time_zone_leap_second                        |
| time_zone_name                               |
| time_zone_transition                         |
| time_zone_transition_type                    |
| user                                         |
+----------------------------------------------+
34 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> 

6、 SQL语句的分类

(1)数据定义语言(DDL):主要针对的是表的结构

create:新建;
drop:删除;
alter:修改;

(2)数据操作语言(DML):主要针对的是表的数据

select:查询;
insert:增;
delete:删;
update:改;

(3)事务控制语言(TCL):针对事务

commit:事务提交;
rollback:事务回滚;

(4)数据控制语言(DCL):

grant:授权权限;
revoke:撤销权限;


7、 怎样导入现有的数据库

提前准备好了一份练习数据库:bjpowernote.sql 输入:(直接在source后面把数据库找到拖进去就行!注意路径不能是中文)

1.进入bjpowernote数据库:

mysql> use bjpowernote
Database changed

2.导入(拖上去):

mysql> source ------------------;

显示一下:

mysql> show tables;
+-----------------------+
| Tables_in_bjpowernote |
+-----------------------+
| DEPT                  |
| EMP                   |
| SALGRADE              |
+-----------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

就这样导入成功啦!!!


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