The late King had watched these dissensions [争执] from England, sensible (like the French people) that no enemy of France could injure her more than her own nobility. The present King now advanced a claim to the French throne. His demand being, of course, refused, he reduced his proposal to a certain large amount of French territory, and to demanding the French princess, Catherine, in marriage, with a fortune of two millions of golden crowns [25便士]. He was offered less territory and fewer crowns, and no princess; but he called his ambassadors home and prepared for war. Then, he proposed to take the princess with one million of crowns. The French Court replied that he should have the princess with two hundred thousand crowns less; he said this would not do (he had never seen the princess in his life), and assembled his army at Southampton. There was a short plot at home just at that time, for deposing him, and making the Earl of March king; but the conspirators were all speedily condemned [判罪] and executed, and the King embarked for France.
It is dreadful to observe how long a bad example will be followed; but, it is encouraging to know that a good example is never thrown away. The King's first act on disembarking at the mouth of the river Seine, three miles from Harfleur, was to imitate his father, and to proclaim his solemn orders that the lives and property of the peaceable inhabitants should be respected on pain of death [违反者杀]. It is agreed by French writers, to his lasting renown [声誉], that even while his soldiers were suffering the greatest distress from want of food, these commands were rigidly obeyed.
楚汉相争时期，韩信因得不到项羽的重用就投奔刘邦，在丞相萧何的推荐下，刘邦拜他为大将，刘邦问韩信有什么高见。韩信把刘邦与项羽进行一番对比，说刘邦的军队与项羽的军队不同，对百姓的利益秋毫无犯，可以得天下。秋毫：鸟兽秋天新换的绒毛，比喻极细微的东西；犯：侵犯。指军纪严明，丝毫不侵犯人民的利益。
With an army in all of thirty thousand men, he besieged the town of Harfleur both by sea and land for five weeks; at the end of which time the town surrendered, and the inhabitants were allowed to depart with only five pence each, and a part of their clothes. All the rest of their possessions was divided amongst the English army. But, that army suffered so much, in spite of its successes, from disease and privation [生活必需品的匮乏], that it was already reduced one half. Still, the King was determined not to retire [撤退] until he had struck a greater blow. Therefore, against the advice of all his counsellors, he moved on with his little force towards Calais. When he came up to the river Somme he was unable to cross, in consequence of the fort being fortified; and, as the English moved up the left bank of the river looking for a crossing, the French, who had broken all the bridges, moved up the right bank, watching them, and waiting to attack them when they should try to pass it. At last the English found a crossing and got safely over. The French held a council of war at Rouen, resolved to give the English battle, and sent heralds [信使] to King Henry to know by which road he was going. 'By the road that will take me straight to Calais!' said the King, and sent them away with a present of a hundred crowns.
The English moved on, until they beheld [看到] the French, and then the King gave orders to form in line of battle. The French not coming on, the army broke up after remaining in battle array [阵列] till night, and got good rest and refreshment [食物和饮料，不是刷新] at a neighbouring village. The French were now all lying in another village, through which they knew the English must pass. They were resolved that the English should begin the battle. The English had no means of retreat, if their King had any such intention; and so the two armies passed the night, close together.
六级/考研单词: injure, noble, throne, territory, princess, million, ambassador, assemble, plot, march, condemn, execute, embark, dread, imitate, proclaim, solemn, inhabit, renown, distress, rigid, obey, besiege, surrender, depart, penny, clothe, thereby, advice, fort, fortify, resolve, herald, array, refreshment, retreat