概念:
源码包指的是开发编写好的程序源代码，但并没有将其编译为一个能正常使用的二进制工具。
c --> 源代码编译操作–<<二进制文件>>直接运行
为什么需要源码包:
1.部分软件官网仅提供源码包，需要自行编译并安装。
2部分软件在新版本有一些特性还没来得及制作成rpm包时，可以自行编译软件使用其新特性
3.源码包–>打包成一个rpm格式； rpm方式安装标准；

如何获取:
见的软件包都可以在官网获取源码包，比如 apache nginx mysql nginx
http://nginx.org/en/download.html
http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi
https://www.zabbix.com/cn/download

此方法不是百分百通用于所有源码包，建议拿到源码包解压后，进入到目录找相关的README帮助文档

下面通过编译nginx源码包演示编译过程。

yum install -y  make  gcc  wget
wget  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz


解压
root@localhost yum.repos.d]# tar -xf   nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd nginx-1.18.0/
[root@localhost nginx-1.18.0]# ls
auto  CHANGES  CHANGES.ru  conf  configure  contrib  html  LICENSE  man  README  src

yum  install -y   make gcc  pcre pcre-devel   zlib-devel   openssl openssl-devel 

 ./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx-1.18.0

然后生成了makefile的记录
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/opt/ngnix-1.18.0"
  nginx binary file: "/opt/ngnix-1.18.0/sbin/nginx"
  nginx modules path: "/opt/ngnix-1.18.0/modules"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/opt/ngnix-1.18.0/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/opt/ngnix-1.18.0/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/opt/ngnix-1.18.0/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/opt/ngnix-1.18.0/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/opt/ngnix-1.18.0/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"



  ./configure  --prefix=/usr/bin/local/nginx-1.18.0/     --with-http_stub_status_module   --with-http_ssl_module
make&&make install 

ln  -s  /usr/bin/local/nginx-1.18.0/sbin/nginx  /usr/bin/nignx


编译ok