DHCP 服务测试

2022-11-05 08:06:11

DHCP三个端口：

服务端：UDP 67

客户端：UDP 68

DHCPv6 客户端：UDP 546，这是需要特别开启的 DHCP failover 服务，用来做双机热备的。

实验一、DHCP服务器基本配置

在RHEL1服务器上：

yum install dhcp

vim /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example

vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

systemctl restart dhcpd

在linux客户端上

nmcli connection modify eno16777736 ipv4.method auto

nmcli connection down eno16777736

nmcli connection up eno16777736

ifconfig

实验二、根据MAC地址分配固定IP

vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

host rhel1-eno16777736 {
hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:EB:BE:10;
fixed-address 192.168.100.88;

}

--有多台主机需要分配固定IP地址，则添加多段

systemctl restart dhcpd

systemctl restart dhcpd

systemctl enable dhcpd

在linux客户端上

nmcli connection modify eno16777736 ipv4.method auto

nmcli connection down eno16777736

nmcli connection up eno16777736

在windows客户端上

设置网卡自动获取IP地址和DNS

禁用网卡再启动网卡，查看IP

实验三、DHCP中继

对不同的网段分配不同的IP地址。

在rhel1上

添加虚拟网络vnet2，关闭DHCP服务

添加新网卡eno33554984，并将其插在vnet2网络上

nmcli connection add type ethernet con-name eno33554984 ifname eno33554984

nmcli connection modify eno33554984 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses "10.0.0.1/24 10.0.0.1" ipv4.dns 10.0.0.1 connection.autoconnect yes

nmcli connection up eno33554984

ifconfig

vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
   range 192.168.100.30 192.168.100.60;
   option domain-name-servers 192.168.100.1;
   option domain-name "rusky.com";
   option routers 192.168.100.1;
   option broadcast-address 192.168.100.255;
   default-lease-time 3600;
   max-lease-time 7200;
}
subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
   range 10.0.0.30 10.0.0.60;
   option domain-name-servers 10.0.0.1;
   option domain-name "test.com";
   option routers 10.0.0.1;
   option broadcast-address 10.0.0.255;
   default-lease-time 3600;
   max-lease-time 7200;
}

systemctl restart dhcpd

rhel2和rhel3分别将网卡连接到vnet1和vnet2网络上，获取到不同网段的IP

实验四、清除DHCP服务器的缓存

rm -f /var/lib/dhcpd/*

systemctl restart dhcpd

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