安装部署LNMP
一:安装nginx 服务
1.1 关闭防火墙和selinux
systemctl restart firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
1.2 安装依赖包,上传软件包到 /opt/目录
yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
1.3 创建运行用户
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
1.4 编译安装
#需要将nginx 源码包上传到/opt目录下
cd /opt
tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /opt/
cd nginx-1.12.0/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module
make && make install
1.5 优化路径
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
1.6 添加nginx 服务
如果使用免交互,要注意有变量,不可以让变量被替换
vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service
1.7 访问测试
firefox http://192.168.23.103
二: 安装mysql 服务
2.1 安装mysql 环境依赖包,上传软件包到/opt/目录
yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmake
2.2 创建运行用户
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
2.3 编译安装
cd /opt
tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
make && make install
2.4 修改mysql 配置文件
#centos 7默认有 /etc/my.cnf,这是mariadb数据库的安装文件,可以先删除
vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
2.5 修改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
2.6 设置路径环境变量
echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
2.7 初始化数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2.8 添加mysqld系统服务
cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld
2.9 修改mysql 登录密码
mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"
2.10 授权远程登录
mysql -u root -p"abc123" -e "grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';"
交互式修改root密码
mysql -u root -p #先初始空密码登录,当要求输入密码,直接回车
#修改root密码
set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('abc123');
#远程登录可选
set password for 'root'@'%'=password('abc123');
#授权远程登录
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
三: 安装配置PHP
3.1 上传软件包到/opt/目录下,并安装依赖包
yum -y install gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libjpeg-turbo-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel
3.2 编译安装
cd /opt
tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
cd php-7.1.10
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip
make && make install
#php -m 可以查看安装的模块
3.3 路径优化
ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/
3.4 调整php配置文件
php有三个配置文件:
- php.ini 主配置文件
- php-fpm.conf 进程服务配置文件
- www.conf 扩展配置文件
3.4.1 调整主配置文件
cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
cp /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini{,.bak}
#调整主配置文件:
cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
--1170行--修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
--939行--取消注释,修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
3.4.2 调整进程服务配置文件
cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
vim php-fpm.conf
--17行--去掉";"注释
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
3.4.3 调整扩展配置文件
cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf
#因为在进程服务配置文件里有 include=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf 项
3.5 启动php-fpm
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
netstat -anpt | grep 9000
#PHP-FPM(FastCGI Process Manager:FastCGI 进程管理器)是一个 PHPFastCGI 管理器, 由于Nginx服务器不能处理动态页面,需要由 Nginx 把动态请求交给 php-fpm 进程进行解析。
cd /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm
cp php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
systemctl restart php-fpm.service
3.6 配置 Nginx 支持 PHP 解析
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
--65行--取消注释,修改
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; #将 /scripts 修改为nginx的工作目录
include fastcgi_params;
}
systemctl restart nginx.service
3.7 验证php测试页面
7、验证PHP 测试页
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
浏览器访问
http://192.168.80.10/index.php
3.8 测试数据库工作是否正常
8、验证数据库工作是否正常
mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE bbs;
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php #替换原来的测试页内容
<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.23.103','bbsuser','admin123');
if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
else echo "Fail!!";
?>
#浏览器访问
http://192.168.23.103/index.php
四 部署社区论坛web应用
4.1 将软件包上传到/opt目录下
cd /opt
unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip -d /opt/dis
cd /opt/dis/dir_SC_UTF8/
cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
4.2 调整论坛目录的权限
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
chown -R nobody ./config/
chown -R nobody ./data/
chown -R nobody ./uc_client/
chown -R nobody ./uc_server/
或
chmod -R 777 ./config/
chmod -R 777 ./data/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/
#这里是使用了 php-fpm,启动用户是nobody
4.3 访问论坛页面
firefox http://192.168.23.103/bbs/install/index.php
数据库服务器:localhost ###本地架设就用localhost,如何不是在在本机上就要填写IP地址和端口号
数据库名字:bbs
数据库用户名:bbsuser
数据库密码:admin123
管理员账号:admin
管理员密码:admin123
firefox http://192.168.23.103/bbs/index.php #论坛首页
firefox http://192.168.23.103/bbs/admin.php #管理员页面
五 fpm 参数优化
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
--96行--
pm = dynamic #fpm进程启动方式,动态的
--107行--
pm.max_children=20 #fpm进程启动的最大进程数
--112行--
pm.start_servers = 5 #动态方式下启动时默认开启的进程数,在最小和最大之间
--117行--
pm.min_spare_servers = 2 #动态方式下最小空闲进程数
--122行--
pm.max_spare_servers = 8 #动态方式下最大空闲进程数
kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid` #重启php-fpm
netstat -anpt | grep 9000
ps -elf | grep php-fpm