一、前言
复习Java基础知识点的序列化与反序列化过程，整理了如下学习笔记。
二、为什么需要序列化与反序列化
程序运行时，只要需要，对象可以一直存在，并且我们可以随时访问对象的一些状态信息，如果程序终止，那么对象是肯定不会存在的，但是有时候，我们需要再程序终止时保存对象的状态信息，之后程序再次运行时可以重新恢复到之前的状态，如，玩家玩游戏退出时，需要保存玩家的状态信息（如等级、装备等等），之后玩家再此登入时，必须要恢复这些状态信息。我们可以通过数据库手段来达到这个保存状态的目的，在Java中，我们有更简便的方法进行处理，那就是序列化与反序列化。序列化是一种对象持久化的手段，反序列化与序列化相反，其是通过序列化后的信息重新组装成对象。序列化与反序列化普遍应用在网络传输、RMI等场景中。
三、序列化概述
3.1 序列化类结构图
下面展示了与序列化相关的类的结构图
说明：虚线框的表示接口类型，实线框表示具体的类。
3.2 序列化关键字说明
与序列化相关的关键字如下
说明：
1. 关键字transient，用来修饰字段，表示此字段在默认序列化过程中不会被处理，但是可以采用另外的手段进行处理。
2. 关键字serialVersionUID，表示序列化版本号，当两个类的序列化ID一致时允许反序列化，默认可以采用编译器提供的值1L。
3.3 序列化方法说明
与序列化相关的方法如下
说明：writeObject与readObject方法分别在ObjectOutput接口与ObjectInput接口中声明，在ObjectOutputStream与ObjectInputStream中实现。
四、Serializable
4.1 Serializable定义
Serializable定义如下
public interface Serializable {
}
说明：Serializable为一个接口，并且没有任何字段和方法，仅仅作为一个标识。
4.2 使用说明
当序列化对象时，只需要将对象标记为可序列化，即实现接口Serializable即可。下面的Person类实现了Serializable接口。
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Person implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private transient Person friend;
public Person() {
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Person getFriend() {
return friend;
}
public void setFriend(Person friend) {
this.friend = friend;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age
+ ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";
}
}
Person类的friend字段设置为transient，表明不会被序列化，定义完Person类之后，我们即可以对Person类进行序列化与反序列化操作了，具体代码如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable; import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; public class SerializableDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Person leesf = new Person();
Person dyd = new Person();
leesf.setAge(24);
leesf.setGender("man");
leesf.setName("leesf"); dyd.setAge(24);
dyd.setGender("woman");
dyd.setName("dyd"); leesf.setFriend(dyd);
dyd.setFriend(null); File file = new File("test");
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
oos.writeObject(leesf);
oos.flush();
oos.close();
System.out.println(leesf); ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
leesf = (Person) ois.readObject();
ois.close();
System.out.println(leesf);
}
}
运行结果如下
name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [null]
说明：由于friend字段标记为transient，则默认序列化操作时不会进行序列化，反序列化后其值为null。
4.3 问题说明
1. Person类不实现Serializable接口
若Person类不实现Serializable接口，进行序列化时，会发生什么，会出现如下异常。
Exception in thread "main" java.io.NotSerializableException:****
表示Person没有实现Serializable接口，具体原因如下
在调用writeObject方法后，会经过一系列的调用，具体的调用栈如下
说明：截取了writeObject0函数中的一段代码，可以看到会检查该对象是否是Serializable类型，不是，则会抛出异常。
2. 处理transient对象
当字段被transient修饰时，采用默认的序列化机制将不会对其进行处理，但是，如果要序列化transient字段时，如何做呢，可以在要进行序列化的类中添加writeObject和readObject方法，其方法签名如下
private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream) throws IOException
private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException
说明：注意，writeObject与readObject是采用private修饰符修饰的，说明，此方法只能在该类的其他方法中被调用，其他类中不能调用此方法，那么当调用ObjectOutputStream的writeObject方法时，如何调用到此方法来执行用户自定义处理逻辑的呢，答案是反射。利用反射可以在别的类中调用到此类中私有的方法，反射很强大。
利用这个方法，我们修改Person类如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable; import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable; public class Person implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private transient Person friend; public Person() { } public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public String getGender() {
return gender;
} public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
} public int getAge() {
return age;
} public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
} public Person getFriend() {
return friend;
} public void setFriend(Person friend) {
this.friend = friend;
} @Override
public String toString() {
return "name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age
+ ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";
} private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream)
throws IOException {
stream.defaultWriteObject();
stream.writeObject(friend);
} private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream)
throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
stream.defaultReadObject();
friend = (Person) stream.readObject();
}
}
测试类的代码不做修改，运行结果如下
name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
说明：在实现自定义的逻辑时，在writeObject方法中可以调用defaultWriteObject()方法实现默认序列化(序列化非transient字段)，可以单独处理transient关键字；在readObject方法中可以调用defaultReadObject()方法实现默认反序列化，可以单独处理transient关键字（需要赋值）。值得注意的是，writeObject方法中defaultWriteObject和处理transient关键字的逻辑必须与readObject中defaultReadObject和处理transient关键字的逻辑顺序一致，否则会抛出异常。
在调用writeObject方法后，会经过一系列的调用，具体的调用栈如下
说明：经过反射，最终会调用到在Person类中定义的writeObject方法。readObject方法的调用可以以此类比，不再累赘。
五、Externalizable
除了使用Serializable接口进行序列化以外，还可以使用Externalizable接口来进行序列化。
5.1 Externalizable定义
Externalizable的定义如下
public interface Externalizable extends java.io.Serializable {
void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException;
void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException;
}
说明：Externalizable实现了Serializable接口，并且添加了两个方法writeExternal与readExternal，需要序列化的类需要实现Externalizable接口，并且重写接口中定义的两个方法。
5.2 使用说明
首先将序列化的类实现Externalizable接口并且重写writeExternal与readExternal方法，并在这两个方法中实现处理逻辑。我们定义Person类如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable; import java.io.Externalizable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInput;
import java.io.ObjectOutput; public class Person implements Externalizable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private transient Person friend; public Person() { } public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public String getGender() {
return gender;
} public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
} public int getAge() {
return age;
} public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
} public Person getFriend() {
return friend;
} public void setFriend(Person friend) {
this.friend = friend;
} @Override
public String toString() {
return "name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age
+ ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";
} @Override
public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {
out.writeUTF(name);
out.writeUTF(gender);
out.writeInt(age);
out.writeObject(friend);
} @Override
public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException,
ClassNotFoundException {
name = in.readUTF();
gender = in.readUTF();
age = in.readInt();
friend = (Person) in.readObject();
}
}
说明：Person类实现了Externalizable接口，重写了writeExternal与readExternal方法，并且实现了用户自定义序列化与反序列化逻辑。测试类代码不变，运行结果如下：
name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
说明：从结果可知，成功进行了序列化与反序列化过程。值得注意的是，我们必须要给Person类提供一个无参构造器，才能正确完成序列化与反序列化过程。否则会抛出如下异常
修改Person类如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable; import java.io.Externalizable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInput;
import java.io.ObjectOutput; public class Person implements Externalizable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private transient Person friend; public Person(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public String getGender() {
return gender;
} public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
} public int getAge() {
return age;
} public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
} public Person getFriend() {
return friend;
} public void setFriend(Person friend) {
this.friend = friend;
} @Override
public String toString() {
return "name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age
+ ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";
} @Override
public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {
out.writeUTF(name);
out.writeUTF(gender);
out.writeInt(age);
out.writeObject(friend);
} @Override
public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException,
ClassNotFoundException {
name = in.readUTF();
gender = in.readUTF();
age = in.readInt();
friend = (Person) in.readObject();
}
}
说明：提供一个参数的构造函数，没有无参构造函数，修改测试类代码如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable; import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; public class SerializableDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Person leesf = new Person("leesf");
Person dyd = new Person("dyd");
leesf.setAge(24);
leesf.setGender("man");
leesf.setName("leesf"); dyd.setAge(24);
dyd.setGender("woman");
dyd.setName("dyd"); leesf.setFriend(dyd);
dyd.setFriend(null); File file = new File("test");
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
oos.writeObject(leesf);
oos.flush();
oos.close();
System.out.println(leesf); ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
leesf = (Person) ois.readObject();
ois.close();
System.out.println(leesf);
}
}
运行结果如下
name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
Exception in thread "main" java.io.InvalidClassException: com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person; no valid constructor
at java.io.ObjectStreamClass$ExceptionInfo.newInvalidClassException(ObjectStreamClass.java:150)
at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.checkDeserialize(ObjectStreamClass.java:768)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1775)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1351)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:371)
at com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.SerializableDemo.main(SerializableDemo.java:32)
说明：在反序列化的过程抛出了异常，可以看出是Person类没有合法的构造器，合法的构造器就是指无参构造器。当提供了无参构造器之后，就可以正确运行。
5.3 问题说明
1. Externalizable，writeObject与readObject方法
如果Person类实现了Externalizable接口，并且在Person类中添加了writeObject与readObject方法，那么在进行序列化与反序列化时，是以哪种方法为准呢，修改Person类如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable; import java.io.Externalizable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInput;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutput;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; public class Person implements Externalizable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private transient Person friend; public Person() { } public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public String getGender() {
return gender;
} public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
} public int getAge() {
return age;
} public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
} public Person getFriend() {
return friend;
} public void setFriend(Person friend) {
this.friend = friend;
} @Override
public String toString() {
return "name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age
+ ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";
} @Override
public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {
System.out.println("use writeExternal method");
out.writeUTF(name);
out.writeUTF(gender);
out.writeInt(age);
out.writeObject(friend);
} @Override
public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException,
ClassNotFoundException {
System.out.println("use readExternal method");
name = in.readUTF();
gender = in.readUTF();
age = in.readInt();
friend = (Person) in.readObject();
} private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream)
throws IOException {
System.out.println("use writeObject method");
stream.defaultWriteObject();
stream.writeObject(friend);
} private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream)
throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
System.out.println("use readObject method");
stream.defaultReadObject();
friend = (Person) stream.readObject();
}
}
说明：在方法中添加了打印语句，这样就可以轻易判别采用的何种方式。测试类代码如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable; import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; public class SerializableDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Person leesf = new Person();
Person dyd = new Person();
leesf.setAge(24);
leesf.setGender("man");
leesf.setName("leesf"); dyd.setAge(24);
dyd.setGender("woman");
dyd.setName("dyd"); leesf.setFriend(dyd);
dyd.setFriend(null); File file = new File("test");
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
oos.writeObject(leesf);
oos.flush();
oos.close();
System.out.println(leesf); ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
leesf = (Person) ois.readObject();
ois.close();
System.out.println(leesf);
}
}
运行结果
use writeExternal method
use writeExternal method
name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
use readExternal method
use readExternal method
name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
说明：从结果可以看出，是以Externalizable接口中定义的两个方法进行序列化与反序列化的，这时，读者可能又会有另外一个疑问，那就是为什么会打印两次呢？答案是因为该方法被调用了两次，因为Person类有一个Person域，会导致调用两次。
2. 处理transient字段
可以在writeExternal与readExternal方法中实现自定义逻辑，对transient字段进行序列化与反序列化。
六、序列化问题
6.1 采用默认序列化机制，类的静态字段会被序列化吗？
采用默认序列化机制进行序列化时，类的静态字段会被序列化吗，此时类的静态字段不会被序列化，当然，我们可以采用自定义序列化逻辑对静态变量进行序列化。
6.2 父类序列化问题
采用默认序列化机制序列化子类时，其父类的字段会被序列化吗？可以分为如下情形
1. 父类没有实现Serializable接口，没有提供默认构造函数
这时，反序列化会出错，提示没有提供正确的构造函数。修改Person类，代码如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;
import java.io.Serializable;
class Human {
private int number;
public Human(int number) {
this.number = number;
}
public int getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(int number) {
this.number = number;
}
public String toString() {
return "number = " + number;
}
}
public class Person extends Human implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private transient Person friend;
public Person(int number, String name) {
super(number);
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Person getFriend() {
return friend;
}
public void setFriend(Person friend) {
this.friend = friend;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return super.toString() + ", name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age
+ ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";
}
}
测试类的的代码如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable; import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; public class SerializableDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Person leesf = new Person(1, "leesf");
Person dyd = new Person(2, "dyd");
leesf.setAge(24);
leesf.setGender("man");
leesf.setName("leesf"); dyd.setAge(24);
dyd.setGender("woman");
dyd.setName("dyd"); leesf.setFriend(dyd);
dyd.setFriend(null); File file = new File("test");
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));
oos.writeObject(leesf);
oos.flush();
oos.close();
System.out.println(leesf); ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
leesf = (Person) ois.readObject();
ois.close();
System.out.println(leesf);
}
}
运行结果
number = 1, name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [number = 2, name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
Exception in thread "main" java.io.InvalidClassException: com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person; no valid constructor
at java.io.ObjectStreamClass$ExceptionInfo.newInvalidClassException(ObjectStreamClass.java:150)
at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.checkDeserialize(ObjectStreamClass.java:768)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1775)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1351)
at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:371)
at com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.SerializableDemo.main(SerializableDemo.java:32)
说明：可以看出是没有提供合法的构造函数。
2. 父类没有实现Serializable接口，提供默认构造函数
第一步中出现了错误，此时，我们修改Person类，代码如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;
import java.io.Serializable;
class Human {
private int number;
public Human() {
}
public Human(int number) {
this.number = number;
}
public int getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(int number) {
this.number = number;
}
public String toString() {
return "number = " + number;
}
}
public class Person extends Human implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private transient Person friend;
public Person() {
super();
}
public Person(int number, String name) {
super(number);
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Person getFriend() {
return friend;
}
public void setFriend(Person friend) {
this.friend = friend;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return super.toString() + ", name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age
+ ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";
}
}
说明：给Human类提供了无参构造函数。测试类代码不变，运行结果如下
number = 1, name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [number = 2, name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
number = 0, name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [null]
说明：此时，我们可以看到，可以进行反序列化了，但是父类的number字段被赋值为int的默认值0，Person类的transient字段没有被序列化。
3. 父类实现Serializable接口
当父类实现Serializable接口时，修改Person类代码如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;
import java.io.Serializable;
class Human implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private int number;
public Human() {
}
public Human(int number) {
this.number = number;
}
public int getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(int number) {
this.number = number;
}
public String toString() {
return "number = " + number;
}
}
public class Person extends Human implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private transient Person friend;
public Person() {
super();
}
public Person(int number, String name) {
super(number);
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Person getFriend() {
return friend;
}
public void setFriend(Person friend) {
this.friend = friend;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return super.toString() + ", name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age
+ ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";
}
}
测试类的代码不变，运行结果如下
number = 1, name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [number = 2, name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]
number = 1, name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [null]
说明：从结果可知，已经可以进行正确的序列化与反序列化了，子类的transient字段没有被序列化。
6.3 共享对象序列化问题
当序列化的两个对象都包含另外一个对象的引用时，在反序列化时，另外一个对象只会出现一次吗？修改Person类代码如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Person implements Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private transient Person friend;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Person getFriend() {
return friend;
}
public void setFriend(Person friend) {
this.friend = friend;
}
}
测试类代码如下
package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List; public class SerializableDemo {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Person leesf = new Person("leesf");
Person dyd = new Person("dyd");
Person lr = new Person("lr");
leesf.setAge(24);
leesf.setGender("man"); dyd.setAge(24);
dyd.setGender("woman"); lr.setAge(25);
lr.setGender("man"); leesf.setFriend(dyd);
lr.setFriend(dyd);
dyd.setFriend(null); List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
persons.add(leesf);
persons.add(dyd);
persons.add(lr); ByteArrayOutputStream bos1 = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bos2 = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); ObjectOutputStream oos1 = new ObjectOutputStream(bos1);
oos1.writeObject(persons);
oos1.writeObject(persons); ObjectOutputStream oos2 = new ObjectOutputStream(bos2);
oos2.writeObject(persons); ByteArrayInputStream bis1 = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos1.toByteArray());
ByteArrayInputStream bis2 = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos2.toByteArray()); ObjectInputStream ois1 = new ObjectInputStream(bis1);
ObjectInputStream ois2 = new ObjectInputStream(bis2); List<Person> persons1 = (List<Person>) ois1.readObject();
List<Person> persons2 = (List<Person>) ois1.readObject();
List<Person> persons3 = (List<Person>) ois2.readObject(); System.out.println(persons1);
System.out.println(persons2);
System.out.println(persons3);
}
}
运行结果如下
[com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@7f31245a, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@6d6f6e28, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@135fbaa4]
[com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@7f31245a, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@6d6f6e28, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@135fbaa4]
[com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@45ee12a7, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@330bedb4, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@2503dbd3]
说明：从结果可知，oos1执行的writeObject是向同一个内存空间写了两次，从结果可看出，两次写入的对象的地址空间都是一样的，即进行了浅拷贝。而oos2执行的writeObject是向另外一个内存空间写了一次，从结果可看出，因为对象的地址不同于之前的对象地址，即采用了深拷贝。
七、总结
写到这里，关于Java中的序列化与反序列化机制就已经分析完了，经过此次分析，对序列化机制的认识更加深刻。学习一个知识点，就要认认真真，踏踏实实的弄懂一个知识点，写博客就是一个特别好的方式。谢谢各位园友的观看~
参考链接
http://blog.csdn.net/jiangwei0910410003/article/details/18989711/
http://www.hollischuang.com/archives/1140