一、Reading

Being in an unfamiliar city can be frightening. And finding an address can be like looking for a needle in a haystack.

Don't get angry. Just ask someone for directions. However, city people usually give directions very quickly. You may find it difficult to follow what they're saying. Therefore you'd better draw the route on a map as you're listening to the directions.

二、解析

■ Being in an unfamiliar city can be frightening.

• 主：Being in an unfamiliar city（动名词短语）
• 系：can be
• 表：frightening.（作形容词用）

unfamiliar：a.不熟悉的
familiar：a.熟悉的
人 + familiar with...：某人对...很熟悉

■ And finding an address can be like looking for a needle in a haystack.

• 连：And
• 主：finding an address
• 系：can be
• 表：like looking for a needle
  • 介：like
  • 宾：looking for a needle
• 地状：in a haystack.

look for：寻找

■ Don't get angry.

• 句型：祈使命令句
• 否定形式：Don't
• 系：get
• 表：angry.

■ Just ask someone for directions.

• 状：Just
• 谓：ask
• 宾：someone
• 目状：for directions.

注：
ask sb for sth、ask sth of sb.：向某人要某东西，向某人询问。
for 和 of 介词短语为状语。
Tom asked his mother for 10 dollars.
Tom asked 10 dollars of his mother.
汤姆向母亲要10块钱。

■ However, city people usually give directions very quickly.

• 状：However,
• 主：city people
• 状：usually
• 谓：give
• 宾：directions
• 方状：very quickly.

give directions：指路，告诉如何走法

■ You may find it difficult to follow what they're saying.

• 主：You
• 谓：may find
• 宾：it 指代其后不定式 to follow what they're saying.
  • 虚词：to
  • 谓：follow
  • 宾：what they're saying.
    • 引导词、宾语：what
    • 主：they
    • 谓：are saying.
• 宾补：difficult

■ Therefore you'd better draw the route on a map as you're listening to the directions.

• 状：Therefore
• 主：you
• 谓：had better draw
• 宾：on a map
• 时状从：as you're listening to the directions.
  • 引导词：as
  • 主：you
  • 谓：are listening to
  • 宾：the directions.

draw：vt.画，三态：draw、drew、drawn

as 用法：
（1）as 表“当”时，即等于 when 的用法。
（2）as 亦可表“因为”，即等于 because 的用法。

三、语法

（1）分词作形容词用的原则。
（2）find 作不完全及物动词的用法。
（3）had better 用法。（参考：http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/200802/178.html）

以上语法详见教材讲解。