1、检查操作系统版本
[root@ora10g ~]# uname -a
Linux ora10g.localdomain 2.6.18-164.el5 #1 SMP Thu Sep 3 02:16:47 EDT 2009 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
[root@ora10g ~]# lsb_release-a
LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
Distributor ID: EnterpriseEnterpriseServer
Description: Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux Serverrelease 5.4 (Carthage)
Release: 5.4
Codename: Carthage
2、检查内存大小
[root@ora10g ~]# free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1035140 339916 695224 0 19824 267012
-/+ buffers/cache: 53080 982060
Swap: 2096440 0 2096440
3、 检查磁盘空间利用率，
我们打算在/orasoft安装数据库软件
我们打算在/oradata目录中存放数据文件和归档日志
[root@ora10g ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda7 4.7G 3.0G 1.6G 66% /
/dev/sda6 2.0G 36M 1.9G 2% /tmp
/dev/sda3 4.9G 139M 4.5G 3% /orasoft
/dev/sda2 5.8G 141M 5.4G 3% /oradata
/dev/sda1 190M 12M 170M 7% /boot
tmpfs 506M 0 506M 0% /dev/shm
4、创建相关的用户及用户组和相关目录，并修改权限和所有者及所属组
[root@ora10g ~]# groupadd dba
[root@ora10g ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@ora10g ~]# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba -d /orasoft/home oracle
[root@ora10g ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@ora10g ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /orasoft/ /oradata/
[root@ora10g ~]# chmod -R 755 /orasoft/ /oradata/
[root@ora10g ~]# cd/
-bash: cd/: No such file or directory
[root@ora10g ~]# cd /
[root@ora10g /]# ls -rtl
total 162
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 2009 srv
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 2009 opt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 2009 mnt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 2009 media
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 9 2009 home
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Nov 16 22:40 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:41 selinux
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:46 usr
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:49 tftpboot
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 1024 Nov 16 22:52 boot
drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:53 lib
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:53 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Nov 16 22:53 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 23 root root 4096 Nov 16 22:58 var
drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:00 oradata
dr-xr-xr-x 94 root root 0 Nov 16 23:30 proc
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 0 Nov 16 23:30 sys
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 16 23:31 misc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Nov 16 23:31 net
drwxrwxrwt 7 root root 4096 Nov 16 23:31 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 3580 Nov 16 23:31 dev
drwxr-x--- 6 root root 4096 Nov 16 23:39 root
drwxr-xr-x 4 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:46 orasoft
drwxr-xr-x 99 root root 12288 Nov 16 23:46 etc
4、 修改内核参数
在文件最后添加如下内容,相关参数介绍将会在后期的oracle安装参数详解中进行介绍，有兴趣的朋友可以继续关注
[root@ora10g /]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
--这部分为共享内存参数设置
kernel.shmall = 2097152 --共享内存段最大页数
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 --单个共享内存段大小的上限字节数
kernel.shmmni = 4096 --共享内存段的最小长度
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 --信号量四个值分别代表：semmsl,semmns,semopm,semmni
fs.file-max = 65536 --配置系统中打开的最大文件数
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 --本地网口限速
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=262144
"/etc/sysctl.conf" 47L, 1280C written
[root@ora10g /]# /sbin/sysctl-p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmall = 268435456
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
5、 修改安全限制参数
这两个参数是对linux用户可以使用的进程数和打开的文件数的设置限制
|'GITPUB个人空间MFyl L$k7KL
oxf%O l2UUsoft是软限制：用户可以超过这个设置的值，但一定不能超过hard的值。
hard是硬限制：一般soft比hard小。
如果用LV管理的话，还需要加上如下两行：
m^$P$D+yf^t/J,Y20674423M$K
c2C&[^doracle,db2,sqlserver,sybase,mysql,erp,scm,sap,java,.netoracle soft memlock 3145728
L.bsqZ20674423x2e_
hB_)sloracle hard memlock 3145728oracle,db2,sqlserver,sybase,mysql,erp,scm,sap,java,.net:}3y,Y6]-X0LY
[root@ora10g /]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047 --
oracle hard nproc 16384 --单用户可打开的最大进程数为16384个
oracle soft nofile 1024 --
oracle hard nofile 65536 --可打开最大文件个数65536
"/etc/security/limits.conf" 56L, 1903C written
7、配置相关的限制
[root@ora10g /]# vi/etc/pam.d/login
session required/lib/security/pam_limits.so ---设置可插入认证模块（PAM）限制
session required pam_limits.so ---为oracle设置Shell限制
"/etc/pam.d/login" 18L, 722C written
8、添加如下系统环境变量
[root@ora10g /]# vi /etc/profile
# /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 1638
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
"/etc/profile" 68L, 1205C written
9、切换到oracle用户下，创建相关oracle安装的其它目录和配置环境变量
[root@ora10g /]# su - oracle
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ mkdir -p /orasoft/product/10.2.0/db_1
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ mkdir -p /oradata/archive /oradata/admin /oradata/flash_back /oradata/wwl
10、经过检查，目录已经创建好了。
[oracle@ora10g /]$ cd oradata/
[oracle@ora10g oradata]$ ls
admin archive flash_back lost+found wwl
[oracle@ora10g oradata]$ ls-rtl
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 16384 Nov 16 22:41 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:51 archive
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:51 wwl
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:51 flash_back
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Nov 16 23:51 admin
11、进入用户家目录，修改bash_profile，添加用户变量
[oracle@ora10g /]$ cd
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ vi .bash_profile
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ cat .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export ORACLE_SID=wwl ---指定ORACLE SID
export ORACLE_BASE=/orasoft/ ---指定ORACLE_BASE目录
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1 ---指定ORACLE_HOME目录
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin ---指定对应的命令执行PATH
export LD_LIBARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib --指定库文件存放的路径
export LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"; ---指定用户语言
export PATH
umask 022
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile ---让刚添加的环境变量立即生效
12、关闭sendmail以及smb等无用的服务，并设置不自动启动，开启FTP服务，一会儿穿安装介质上来。
[root@ora10g ~]# chkconfig sendmail off
[root@ora10g ~]# chkconfig cups off
[root@ora10g ~]# service vsftpd restart
Shutting down vsftpd: [FAILED]
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ]
13、检查如下软件包是否都安装了：
libXp-1.0.0-8.i386.rpm
openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm
compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm
compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm
libaio-0.3.106-3.2.i386.rpm
[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep libXp-*
libXpm-3.5.5-3
libXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5
libXpm-devel-3.5.5-3
libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5
[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep openmoti*
[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep openmoti
[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep open*
openssl-0.9.8e-12.el5
openjade-1.3.2-27
nautilus-open-terminal-0.6-6.el5
cscope-15.5-15.1.el5_3.1
openldap-devel-2.3.43-3.el5
openssh-server-4.3p2-36.el5
openldap-2.3.43-3.el5
openssh-4.3p2-36.el5
openssh-askpass-4.3p2-36.el5
openssl-devel-0.9.8e-12.el5
opensp-1.5.2-4
openssh-clients-4.3p2-36.el5
[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep openm*
openssl-0.9.8e-12.el5
openjade-1.3.2-27
nautilus-open-terminal-0.6-6.el5
openldap-devel-2.3.43-3.el5
openssh-server-4.3p2-36.el5
openldap-2.3.43-3.el5
openssh-4.3p2-36.el5
openssh-askpass-4.3p2-36.el5
openssl-devel-0.9.8e-12.el5
opensp-1.5.2-4
openssh-clients-4.3p2-36.el5
[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep compat-db*
java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-devel-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115
[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep compat-db
[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep compa
compat-libgcc-296-2.96-138
compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4
compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-138
java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115
java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-src-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115
compat-glibc-headers-2.3.4-2.26
java-1.4.2-gcj-compat-devel-1.4.2.0-40jpp.115
avahi-compat-libdns_sd-0.6.16-6.el5
compat-libf2c-34-3.4.6-4
compat-libcom_err-1.0-7
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61
compat-glibc-2.3.4-2.26
[root@ora10g ~]# rpm -qa|grep compat-lib
compat-libgcc-296-2.96-138
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-138
avahi-compat-libdns_sd-0.6.16-6.el5
compat-libf2c-34-3.4.6-4
compat-libcom_err-1.0-7
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61
14、挂载光盘，进行为未安装的软件包安装
[root@ora10g media]# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@ora10g media]# cd /mnt
[root@ora10g mnt]# ls
blafdoc.css eula.py README-en.html Server
Cluster GPL RELEASE-NOTES-en supportinfo
ClusterStorage images RELEASE-NOTES-en.html TRANS.TBL
EULA isolinux RPM-GPG-KEY VT
eula.en_US README-en RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
[root@ora10g mnt]# cd Server/
[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm
warning: openmotif22-2.2.3-18.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:openmotif22 ########################################### [100%]
[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-gcc-34-
compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm
[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm
warning: compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386 is already installed
[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm
warning: compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386 is already installed
[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm
warning: compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:compat-db ########################################### [100%]
[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm
warning: compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386 is already installed
[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-138.i386.rpm compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm
[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.106-3.2.i386.rpm
warning: libaio-0.3.106-3.2.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package libaio-0.3.106-3.2.i386 is already installed
15解压缩刚上传上来的介质
[root@ora10g Server]# su -oracle
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ ls
10201_database_linux32.zip
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip
Archive: 10201_database_linux32.zip
creating: database/
creating: database/doc/
creating: database/doc/dcommon/
…….中间过程太多，已经省略
creating: database/stage/fastcopy/
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/setperms1.sh
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_EE_1.xml
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_EE_exp_1.xml
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_EE_dirs.lst
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_EE_filemap.jar
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_SE_1.xml
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_SE_exp_1.xml
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_SE_dirs.lst
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_SE_filemap.jar
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_Custom_1.xml
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_Custom_exp_1.xml
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_Custom_dirs.lst
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/oracle.server_Custom_filemap.jar
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy/racfiles.jar
inflating: database/stage/oracle.server.10_2_0_1_0_1120187896349.bak
inflating: database/stage/oracle.server.10_2_0_1_0_dep_default.properties
inflating: database/stage/oracle.server.10_2_0_1_0_1120187896411.bak
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy.xml
inflating: database/welcome.html
16、配置显示终端：
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ export DISPLAY=192.168.5.1:0.0
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ xclock
Warning: Missing charsets in String to FontSet conversion
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ ls
c10201_database_linux32.zip database
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ rm -rf 10201_database_linux32.zip
[oracle@ora10g ~]$ cd database/
[oracle@ora10g database]$ ls
doc install response runInstaller stage welcome.html
17、开始正式安装，加上-ignoreSysPreReqs该参数的目的是忽略系统版本好检测。
[oracle@ora10g database]$ export LC_ALL=en_US
[oracle@ora10g database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPreReqs
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Passed
All installer requirements met.
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2011-11-17_12-16-27AM. Please wait ...[oracle@ora10g database]$ Oracle Universal Installer, Version 10.2.0.1.0 Production
Copyright (C) 1999, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
详细安装过程见连接