添加新硬盘,扩展Centos7根分区

##背景介绍,系统安装时,分配的硬盘容量太小,根分区空间不够用,现添加一个新硬盘,通过以下步骤来扩展centos7根分区

 

  1 [root@t201 ~]# df -h
  2 文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
  3 devtmpfs                 3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /dev
  4 tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /dev/shm
  5 tmpfs                    3.9G  8.6M  3.9G    1% /run
  6 tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
  7 /dev/mapper/centos-root   14G  2.2G   12G   16% /
  8 /dev/sda1               1014M  134M  881M   14% /boot
  9 tmpfs                    797M     0  797M    0% /run/user/0
 10 [root@t201 ~]# fdisk -l
 11 
 12 磁盘 /dev/sda:17.2 GB, 17179869184 字节,33554432 个扇区
 13 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
 14 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
 15 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
 16 磁盘标签类型:dos
 17 磁盘标识符:0x000db98a
 18 
 19    设备 Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
 20 /dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
 21 /dev/sda2         2099200    33554431    15727616   8e  Linux LVM
 22 
 23 磁盘 /dev/sdb:21.5 GB, 21474836480 字节,41943040 个扇区
 24 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
 25 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
 26 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
 27 
 28 
 29 磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-root:14.4 GB, 14382268416 字节,28090368 个扇区
 30 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
 31 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
 32 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
 33 
 34 
 35 磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-swap:1719 MB, 1719664640 字节,3358720 个扇区
 36 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
 37 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
 38 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
 39 
 40 [root@t201 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
 41 欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。
 42 
 43 更改将停留在内存中,直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
 44 使用写入命令前请三思。
 45 
 46 Device does not contain a recognized partition table
 47 使用磁盘标识符 0xb1065d94 创建新的 DOS 磁盘标签。
 48 
 49 命令(输入 m 获取帮助):m
 50 命令操作
 51    a   toggle a bootable flag
 52    b   edit bsd disklabel
 53    c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
 54    d   delete a partition
 55    g   create a new empty GPT partition table
 56    G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
 57    l   list known partition types
 58    m   print this menu
 59    n   add a new partition
 60    o   create a new empty DOS partition table
 61    p   print the partition table
 62    q   quit without saving changes
 63    s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
 64    t   change a partition's system id
 65    u   change display/entry units
 66    v   verify the partition table
 67    w   write table to disk and exit
 68    x   extra functionality (experts only)
 69 
 70 命令(输入 m 获取帮助):n
 71 Partition type:
 72    p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
 73    e   extended
 74 Select (default p): p
 75 分区号 (1-4,默认 1):
 76 起始 扇区 (2048-41943039,默认为 2048):
 77 将使用默认值 2048
 78 Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039,默认为 41943039):
 79 将使用默认值 41943039
 80 分区 1 已设置为 Linux 类型,大小设为 20 GiB
 81 
 82 命令(输入 m 获取帮助):w
 83 The partition table has been altered!
 84 
 85 Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
 86 正在同步磁盘。
 87 [root@t201 ~]# df -h
 88 文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
 89 devtmpfs                 3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /dev
 90 tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /dev/shm
 91 tmpfs                    3.9G  8.6M  3.9G    1% /run
 92 tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
 93 /dev/mapper/centos-root   14G  2.2G   12G   16% /
 94 /dev/sda1               1014M  134M  881M   14% /boot
 95 tmpfs                    797M     0  797M    0% /run/user/0
 96 [root@t201 ~]# fdisk -l
 97 
 98 磁盘 /dev/sda:17.2 GB, 17179869184 字节,33554432 个扇区
 99 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
100 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
101 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
102 磁盘标签类型:dos
103 磁盘标识符:0x000db98a
104 
105    设备 Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
106 /dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
107 /dev/sda2         2099200    33554431    15727616   8e  Linux LVM
108 
109 磁盘 /dev/sdb:21.5 GB, 21474836480 字节,41943040 个扇区
110 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
111 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
112 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
113 磁盘标签类型:dos
114 磁盘标识符:0xb1065d94
115 
116    设备 Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
117 /dev/sdb1            2048    41943039    20970496   83  Linux
118 
119 磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-root:14.4 GB, 14382268416 字节,28090368 个扇区
120 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
121 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
122 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
123 
124 
125 磁盘 /dev/mapper/centos-swap:1719 MB, 1719664640 字节,3358720 个扇区
126 Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
127 扇区大小(逻辑/物理):512 字节 / 512 字节
128 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字节 / 512 字节
129 
130 [root@t201 ~]# vgdisplay -v
131   --- Volume group ---
132   VG Name               centos
133   System ID             
134   Format                lvm2
135   Metadata Areas        1
136   Metadata Sequence No  3
137   VG Access             read/write
138   VG Status             resizable
139   MAX LV                0
140   Cur LV                2
141   Open LV               2
142   Max PV                0
143   Cur PV                1
144   Act PV                1
145   VG Size               <15.00 GiB
146   PE Size               4.00 MiB
147   Total PE              3839
148   Alloc PE / Size       3839 / <15.00 GiB
149   Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
150   VG UUID               Fj5EY6-duHB-Vtmx-RaKo-JpuY-UwCy-f3xemr
151    
152   --- Logical volume ---
153   LV Path                /dev/centos/swap
154   LV Name                swap
155   VG Name                centos
156   LV UUID                YKyysg-qNJY-x3sa-HjHm-5JHX-mBRf-mTpVXl
157   LV Write Access        read/write
158   LV Creation host, time localhost, 2019-11-14 08:57:14 +0800
159   LV Status              available
160   # open                 2
161   LV Size                1.60 GiB
162   Current LE             410
163   Segments               1
164   Allocation             inherit
165   Read ahead sectors     auto
166   - currently set to     8192
167   Block device           253:1
168    
169   --- Logical volume ---
170   LV Path                /dev/centos/root
171   LV Name                root
172   VG Name                centos
173   LV UUID                dLgGwO-UXqd-41WI-C97j-suC8-siWt-3QWQQv
174   LV Write Access        read/write
175   LV Creation host, time localhost, 2019-11-14 08:57:14 +0800
176   LV Status              available
177   # open                 1
178   LV Size                13.39 GiB
179   Current LE             3429
180   Segments               1
181   Allocation             inherit
182   Read ahead sectors     auto
183   - currently set to     8192
184   Block device           253:0
185    
186   --- Physical volumes ---
187   PV Name               /dev/sda2     
188   PV UUID               dzMQgG-eMzE-6Vi4-WHOt-BdDH-KuTt-Ofk0gH
189   PV Status             allocatable
190   Total PE / Free PE    3839 / 0
191    
192 [root@t201 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
193 sdb   sdb1  
194 [root@t201 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
195 sdb   sdb1  
196 [root@t201 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
197   Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
198 [root@t201 ~]# pvdisplay 
199   --- Physical volume ---
200   PV Name               /dev/sda2
201   VG Name               centos
202   PV Size               <15.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
203   Allocatable           yes (but full)
204   PE Size               4.00 MiB
205   Total PE              3839
206   Free PE               0
207   Allocated PE          3839
208   PV UUID               dzMQgG-eMzE-6Vi4-WHOt-BdDH-KuTt-Ofk0gH
209    
210   "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "<20.00 GiB"
211   --- NEW Physical volume ---
212   PV Name               /dev/sdb1
213   VG Name               
214   PV Size               <20.00 GiB
215   Allocatable           NO
216   PE Size               0   
217   Total PE              0
218   Free PE               0
219   Allocated PE          0
220   PV UUID               G9jtn0-Gg0H-U55j-Hwzs-pafT-Mhtx-doyA9f
221    
222 [root@t201 ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sdb1
223   Volume group "centos" successfully extended
224 [root@t201 ~]# lvdisplay 
225   --- Logical volume ---
226   LV Path                /dev/centos/swap
227   LV Name                swap
228   VG Name                centos
229   LV UUID                YKyysg-qNJY-x3sa-HjHm-5JHX-mBRf-mTpVXl
230   LV Write Access        read/write
231   LV Creation host, time localhost, 2019-11-14 08:57:14 +0800
232   LV Status              available
233   # open                 2
234   LV Size                1.60 GiB
235   Current LE             410
236   Segments               1
237   Allocation             inherit
238   Read ahead sectors     auto
239   - currently set to     8192
240   Block device           253:1
241    
242   --- Logical volume ---
243   LV Path                /dev/centos/root
244   LV Name                root
245   VG Name                centos
246   LV UUID                dLgGwO-UXqd-41WI-C97j-suC8-siWt-3QWQQv
247   LV Write Access        read/write
248   LV Creation host, time localhost, 2019-11-14 08:57:14 +0800
249   LV Status              available
250   # open                 1
251   LV Size                13.39 GiB
252   Current LE             3429
253   Segments               1
254   Allocation             inherit
255   Read ahead sectors     auto
256   - currently set to     8192
257   Block device           253:0
258    
259 [root@t201 ~]# lvextend -l +100%Free /dev/centos/root
260   Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 13.39 GiB (3429 extents) to 33.39 GiB (8548 extents).
261   Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
262 [root@t201 ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root
263 meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=877824 blks
264          =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
265          =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
266 data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=3511296, imaxpct=25
267          =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
268 naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
269 log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
270          =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
271 realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
272 data blocks changed from 3511296 to 8753152
273 [root@t201 ~]# df -Th
274 文件系统                类型      容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
275 devtmpfs                devtmpfs  3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /dev
276 tmpfs                   tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /dev/shm
277 tmpfs                   tmpfs     3.9G  8.6M  3.9G    1% /run
278 tmpfs                   tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
279 /dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        34G  2.2G   32G    7% /
280 /dev/sda1               xfs      1014M  134M  881M   14% /boot
281 tmpfs                   tmpfs     797M     0  797M    0% /run/user/0
282 [root@t201 ~]# 
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