Leetcode 75. Sort Colors

Leetcode 75. Sort Colors

Given an array with n objects colored red, white or blue, sort them in-place so that objects of the same color are adjacent, with the colors in the order red, white and blue.Here, we will use the integers 0, 1, and 2 to represent the color red, white, and blue respectively.

Note: You are not suppose to use the library’s sort function for this problem.

Example:
Input: [2,0,2,1,1,0]
Output: [0,0,1,1,2,2]

题目大意:有三种颜色的花分别用0,1,2表示,对只含有0,1,2的数组进行排序使其按照0,1,2的顺序扎堆。注意不能使用sort函数。

解题思路1:
对数组进行两遍遍历,第一遍记录下0,1,2的各自的总数,第二遍按照0,1,2的顺序和对应个数重写数组。时间复杂度为O(2n)。

代码:

class Solution {
public:
    void sortColors(vector<int>& nums) {
        int c0 = 0, c1 = 0, c2 = 0;
        for(int i=0; i<nums.size(); i++)
        {
            if(nums[i] == 0)
                c0++;
            else if(nums[i] == 1)
                c1++;
            else
                c2++;
        }
        for(int i=0; i<nums.size(); i++)
        {
            if(c0 > 0)
            {
                nums[i] = 0;
                c0--;
            }
            else if(c1 > 0)
            {
                nums[i] = 1;
                c1--;
            }
            else
            {
                nums[i] = 2;
            }
        }
    }
};

解题思路2:
记录每种颜色的最后一个元素的索引,并且每次都更新所有位置,只需要一次遍历,时间复杂度为O(n).

代码:

class Solution {
public:
    void sortColors(vector<int>& nums) {
        int r = 0, w = 0, b = 0;
        for(int num : nums)
        {
            if(num == 0)
            {
                nums[b++] = 2;
                nums[w++] = 1;
                nums[r++] = 0;
            }
            else if(num == 1)
            {
                nums[b++] = 2;
                nums[w++] = 1;
            }
            else if(num == 2)
                nums[b++] = 2;
        }
    }
};
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