Nginx+Python+uwsgi+Django的web开发环境安装及配置

2022-10-30 10:33:23

Nginx+Python+uwsgi+Django的web开发环境安装及配置

nginx安装

nginx的安装这里就略过了...

python安装

通常系统已经自带了,这里也略过

uwsgi安装

官网 http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

安装步骤如下：

yum -y install python-devel

wget -c https://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-2.0.14.tar.gz

tar zxf uwsgi-2.0.14.tar.gz

cd uwsgi-2.0.14

make

# python uwsgiconfig.py --build

报错处理

plugins/python/uwsgi_python.h:2:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory

主要是没有安装python-devel

yum install python-devel

让Nginx支持uwsgi配置

#uwsgi_pass unix:///tmp/uwsgi.sock;

uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:6000;

include uwsgi_params;

uwsgi_params文件内容

uwsgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;

uwsgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;

uwsgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;

uwsgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

uwsgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;

uwsgi_param PATH_INFO $document_uri;

uwsgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;

uwsgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

uwsgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;

uwsgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;

uwsgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;

uwsgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;

uwsgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

集群配置

upstream uwsgicluster {

  server unix:///tmp/uwsgi.sock;

  server 192.168.1.235:3031;

  server 10.0.0.17:3017;

}

uwsgi_pass uwsgicluster;

配置uwsgi

配置说明

http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Configuration.html

相关配置选项

http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Options.html

进入刚安装uwsgi的目录

执行./uwsgi

可以查看已经安装成功

有多种方式可以进行uwsgi配置，可以使用命令行进行配置，也可以使用配置文件

配置文件有ini xml json yaml等4种方式的配置方式，任选一种

命令行示例：

uwsgi --http-socket :9090 --psgi myapp.pl

uwsgi 的参数：

    -M 开启Master进程

    -p 4 开启4个进程

    -s 使用的端口或者socket地址

    -d 使用daemon的方式运行, 注意, 使用-d后, 需要加上log文件地址, 比如-d /var/log/uwsgi.log

    -R 10000 开启10000个进程后, 自动respawn下

    -t 30 设置30s的超时时间, 超时后, 自动放弃该链接

    -limit-as 32 将进程的总内存量控制在32M

    -x  使用配置文件模式

等价于配置文件

[uwsgi]

http-socket = :9090

psgi = myapp.pl

也可配置好后，通过命令行载入配置文件

uwsgi --ini http://uwsgi.it/configs/myapp.ini # HTTP

uwsgi --xml - # standard input

uwsgi --yaml fd://0 # file descriptor

uwsgi --json 'exec://nc 192.168.11.2:33000' # arbitrary executable

启动uwsgi

uwsgi --ini /configs/myapp.ini

uwsgi --http-socket 127.0.0.1:3031 --wsgi-file foobar.py --master --processes 4 --threads 2 --stats 127.0.0.1:9191

uwsgi --socket 127.0.0.1:3031 --chdir /home/foobar/myproject/ --wsgi-file myproject/wsgi.py --master --processes 4 --threads 2 --stats 127.0.0.1:9191

重新启动uwsgi

# using kill to send the signal

kill -HUP `cat /tmp/project-master.pid`

# or the convenience option --reload

uwsgi --reload /tmp/project-master.pid

# or if uwsgi was started with touch-reload=/tmp/somefile

touch /tmp/somefile

停止uwsgi

kill -INT `cat /tmp/project-master.pid`

# or for convenience...

uwsgi --stop /tmp/project-master.pid

开机启动uwsgi

/etc/rc.local中添加启动脚本,如

/usr/local/bin/uwsgi --emperor /etc/uwsgi/vassals --uid www-data --gid www-data --daemonize /var/log/uwsgi-emperor.log

xinted方式

service uwsgi

    {

            disable         = no

            id              = uwsgi-000

            type            = UNLISTED

            socket_type     = stream

            server          = /root/uwsgi/uwsgi

            server_args     = --chdir /root/uwsgi/ --module welcome --logto /tmp/uwsgi.log

            port            = 3031

            bind            = 127.0.0.1

            user            = root

            wait            = yes

    }

关于socket,http,http-socket,uwsgi-socket的区别

socket绑定到特定的unix/tcp socket使用默认协议,如将py请求转发至后端socket接口,如nginx转发请求，可以开启该接口

可以是一个端口：如 socket = :6000,对应的nginx配置为uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:6000

也可以是一个sock文件 socket = /tmp/uwsgi.sock,对应的nginx配置为uwsgi_pass unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock;

http,绑定到特定的unix/tcp socket使用http协议,端口会暴露在外

http-socket绑定到特定的unix/tcp socket使用http协议,本地http协议，端口不会暴露在外

uwsgi-socket 绑定到特定的unix/tcp socket使用uwsgi的协议,类似socket,nginx也可转发到该选项配置的端口

可以配置开机启动,一个简单的配置/etc/init/uwsgi.conf

配置文件添加以下代码

# simple uWSGI script

description "uwsgi tiny instance"

start on runlevel [2345]

stop on runlevel [06]

respawn

exec uwsgi --master --processes 4 --die-on-term --socket :3031 --wsgi-file /var/www/myapp.wsgi

或者使用Emperor，可以配置多个app,在/etc/uwsgi目录下添加多个配置

# Emperor uWSGI script

description "uWSGI Emperor"

start on runlevel [2345]

stop on runlevel [06]

respawn

exec uwsgi --master --die-on-term --emperor /etc/uwsgi

nginx+uwsgi的配置实例

http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials/Django_and_nginx.html

实战nginx配置,测试用

# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to

upstream django {

    # server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket

    server 127.0.0.1:6000; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)

}

server {

        listen       8080;

        server_name  uwsgi.com;

location /hi {

        alias /home/www/hi/;

}

location ~* .*\.py($|/) {

# uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:6000;

uwsgi_pass django;

include uwsgi_params;

#    uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT index;

#    uwsgi_param UWSGI_PYHOME $document_root;

#    uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR  $document_root;

        }

        access_log  /home/httplogs/test.com-access.log main;

        error_log  /home/httplogs/test.com-error.log;

}

实战uwsgi配置,测试用

[uwsgi]

# socket  = :6000

# http = :6000

uwsgi-socket  = :6000

# http-socket  = :6000

master = true

chdir = /home/www/

wsgi-file = /home/www/test.py

processes = 4

stats = 127.0.0.1:9090

daemonize = /home/log/log.log

pidfile = /tmp/uwsgi.pid

vacuum = true

# disable-logging = true

py-autoreload = 2

多应用部署

http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Emperor.html

http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Nginx.html?highlight=mount

[uwsgi]

socket = 127.0.0.1:3031

; mount apps

mount = /app1=app1.py

mount = /app2=app2.py

; rewrite SCRIPT_NAME and PATH_INFO accordingly

manage-script-name = true

使用virtualenv方式

码农公寓

Nginx+Python+uwsgi+Django的web开发环境安装及配置

nginx安装

python安装

uwsgi安装

让Nginx支持uwsgi配置

配置uwsgi

启动uwsgi

重新启动uwsgi

停止uwsgi

开机启动uwsgi

xinted方式

关于socket,http,http-socket,uwsgi-socket的区别

nginx+uwsgi的配置实例

实战nginx配置,测试用

实战uwsgi配置,测试用

多应用部署

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