我们一般会使用Apache自带的ab来对项目进行压力测试,看项目的执行情况如何.
我们可以使用 ab -v 来查看ab的详细参数使用方法.
- [root@node234 bin]# ./ab -v
- ab: option requires an argument -- v
- ./ab: wrong number of arguments
- Usage: ./ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
- Options are:
- -n requests Number of requests to perform
- -c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make
- -t timelimit Seconds to max. wait for responses
- -b windowsize Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
- -p postfile File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
- -u putfile File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
- -T content-type Content-type header for POSTing, eg.
- 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
- Default is 'text/plain'
- -v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print
- -w Print out results in HTML tables
- -i Use HEAD instead of GET
- -x attributes String to insert as table attributes
- -y attributes String to insert as tr attributes
- -z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes
- -C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234. (repeatable)
- -H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
- Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
- -A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
- are a colon separated username and password.
- -P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
- are a colon separated username and password.
- -X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use
- -V Print version number and exit
- -k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
- -d Do not show percentiles served table.
- -S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
- -g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
- -e filename Output CSV file with percentages served
- -r Don't exit on socket receive errors.
- -h Display usage information (this message)
- -Z ciphersuite Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
- -f protocol Specify SSL/TLS protocol (SSL2, SSL3, TLS1, or ALL)
要进行压力测试可以执行以下命令,可以修改相应的参数:
ab -n1000 -c10 http://e60.chenwd.xxx.com/carindex.php
Apache常用参数说明:
-n: 标识请求的总数.
-c: 标识请求的总用户 (如果请求的总数是1000,请求的总用户是10,那么平均每个用户执行100次请求)
-t: 请求的超时时间, 单位是秒.
执行结果:
- [root@node234 bin]# ./ab -n1000 -c10 http://e60.chenwd.xxx/carindex.php
- This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $>
- Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
- Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
- Benchmarking e60.chenwd.dev.eebaobao.com (be patient)
- Completed 100 requests
- Completed 200 requests
- Completed 300 requests
- Completed 400 requests
- Completed 500 requests
- Completed 600 requests
- Completed 700 requests
- Completed 800 requests
- Completed 900 requests
- Completed 1000 requests
- Finished 1000 requests
- Server Software: nginx/0.9.4
- Server Hostname: e60.xxx.com
- Server Port: 80
- Document Path: /carindex.php
- Document Length: 5722 bytes
- Concurrency Level: 10
- Time taken for tests: 19.445 seconds
- Complete requests: 1000
- Failed requests: 0
- Write errors: 0
- Total transferred: 5990000 bytes
- HTML transferred: 5722000 bytes
- Requests per second: 51.43 [#/sec] (mean)
- Time per request: 194.446 [ms] (mean)
- Time per request: 19.445 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
- Transfer rate: 300.84 [Kbytes/sec] received
- Connection Times (ms)
- min mean[+/-sd] median max
- Connect: 12 60 19.8 58 205
- Processing: 47 133 32.9 126 298
- Waiting: 22 75 27.8 68 219
- Total: 112 193 36.8 183 374
- Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
- 50% 183
- 66% 195
- 75% 204
- 80% 214
- 90% 249
- 95% 270
- 98% 293
- 99% 304
- 100% 374 (longest request)
执行结果说明:
Server Software: 测试服务器的Web服务器软件名字
Server Hostname: 请求的域名
Server Port: 测试的访问端口
Document Path: 请求URL的绝问文件路径
Document Length: 表示HTTP相应的正文的长度
Concurrency Level: 标识并发的用户数(-c属性来设置)
Time taken for tests: 执行完所有的请求所花费的时间
Complete requests: 表示测试的总请求数
Failed requests: 失败的请求
Total transferred: 表示所有请求的响应数据的总和,包含头信息和正文长度.
HTML transferred: 表示所有请求中响应数据的正文长度 (不包含头信息的长度)
Requests per second: 这个就是我们要的吞吐率,表示每秒处理的请求数
Time per request: 表示每个用户平均等待的时间. 等于 Time taken for tests / (Complete requests / Concurrency Level)
Time per request:(mean, across all concurrent requests) 服务器平均请求处理的时间. 正是吞详细地址的倒数，为：Time per request / Concurrency Level 每个请求花费了多少秒
Transfer rate: 这些请求在单位内,从服务器获取的数据长度. 等于: Total transferred / Time taken for tests
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms): 这部分数据用于描述每个请求处理时间的分页情况,百分之五十不超过183毫秒,. 百分之九十不超过249毫秒,百分百不超过374毫秒.