nginx高可用性

2022-10-29 09:39:53

NGINX高可用性

1.准备工作

（1）需要准备两台服务器192.168.60.78（主）和 192.168.60.10（备）
（2）两台服务器都安装nginx
（3）在两台服务器安装keepalived

2.安装Nginx

（1）使⽤用Nginx官⽅方提供的rpm包。

[root@xianxin ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo	
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

（2）执行yum安装

[root@nginx ~]# yum install nginx -y
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl start nginx
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl enable nginx

3.安装keepalived

[root@test ~]# yum install keepalived -y

4.配置主keepalived

[root@xianxin ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@xianxin keepalived]# cp keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.bak
[root@xianxin keepalived]# > keepalived.conf
[root@xianxin keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf
global_defs {
    vrrp_garp_interval 0
    vrrp_gna_interval 0
}

#VIP1
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
      state MASTER
      interface ens33
      virtual_router_id 50
      priority 100
      advert_int 1
      authentication {
         auth_type PASS
         auth_pass 1111
      }
      virtual_ipaddress {
         192.168.60.73
      }
   }

5. 主keepalived.conf传到备机并修改

[root@xianxin keepalived]# scp keepalived.conf root@192.168.60.10:/etc/keepalived/
The authenticity of host '192.168.60.10 (192.168.60.10)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:Rgttz3lGgV5Puj6bFsCWckmHlaIjTT/8Id/Tc6qKyrA.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:e6:ad:67:8b:95:e8:f5:62:72:14:4a:58:87:dc:59:22.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.60.10' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.60.10's password: 
keepalived.conf                                                             100%  345   432.0KB/s   00:00

#切换到备机192.168.60.10(备)上去修改keepalived.conf，只需修改
state BACKUP
priority 90

[root@aslb ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@aslb keepalived]# vi keepalived.conf
global_defs {
    vrrp_garp_interval 0
    vrrp_gna_interval 0
}

#VIP1
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
      state BACKUP
      interface ens33
      virtual_router_id 50
      priority 90
      advert_int 1
      authentication {
         auth_type PASS
         auth_pass 1111
      }
      virtual_ipaddress {
         192.168.60.73
      }
   }

6. 配置准备nginx

#主192.168.60.78

[root@xianxin yum.repos.d]# cp /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html.bak
[root@xianxin yum.repos.d]# >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@xianxin yum.repos.d]# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
web01

#备192.168.60.10

[root@aslb yum.repos.d]# cp /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html.bak 
[root@aslb yum.repos.d]# >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@aslb yum.repos.d]# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
web02

7.启动服务并开机自启

[root@xianxin yum.repos.d]# systemctl start nginx
[root@xianxin yum.repos.d]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@xianxin yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable nginx
[root@xianxin yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable keepalived

8. 访问各站点（主备及vip）

如果出现这种情况
将vi keepalived.conf里的配置文件vip换一个IP地址
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.60.73
}
修改完之后重启
systemctl restart keepalived
或
systemctl stop keepalived
systemctl start keepalived

9.测试主备切换

在192.168.60.78（主）上，停掉keepalived，测试主备切换

[root@xianxin keepalived]# systemctl stop keepalived

刷新页面，vip已经切换到备（192.168.60.10上）

再主上启动keepalived

[root@xianxin keepalived]# systemctl start keepalived

10.nginx存活测试

在主服务器192.168.137.100上添加如下参数：

global_defs {
    vrrp_garp_interval 0
    vrrp_gna_interval 0
}

#VIP1
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
      state MASTER
      interface ens33
      virtual_router_id 50
      priority 100
      advert_int 1
      authentication {
         auth_type PASS
         auth_pass 1111
      }
      virtual_ipaddress {
         192.168.60.73
      }                   #这
      track_script {
        chk_nginx
      }

   }

#VIP1
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
      state BACKUP
      interface ens33
      virtual_router_id 50
      priority 90
      advert_int 1
      authentication {
         auth_type PASS
         auth_pass 1111
      }
      virtual_ipaddress {
         192.168.60.73
      }
      track_script {
        chk_nginx
      }
   }

在主nginx上关闭服务器

[root@xianxin keepalived]# shutdown -h now

则vip会漂移到备服务器192.168.60.10上。
浏览器输入 http://192.168.60.73 可查看是否有跳转到备服务器上

码农公寓